1 Let me sing for my wellbeloved a song of my beloved touching his vineyard. My wellbeloved had a vineyard in a very fruitful hill:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Now will I sing H7891 (שִׁיר) — to sing
- to my wellbeloved H3039 (יְדִיד) — loved
- a song H7892 (שִׁיר) — a song; abstractly, singing
- of my beloved H1730 (דּוֹד) — (figuratively) to love; by implication, a love-token, lover, friend; specifically an uncle
- touching his vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- My wellbeloved H3039 (יְדִיד) — loved
- hath a vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- in a very fruitful H8081 (שֶׁמֶן) — grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
- in a very fruitful H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
- hill H7161 (קֶרֶן) — a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask, cornet; by resemblance. an elephant's tooth (i.e. ivory), a corner (of the altar), a peak (of a mountain), a ra…
2 and he digged it, and gathered out the stones thereof, and planted it with the choicest vine, and built a tower in the midst of it, and also hewed out a winepress therein: and he looked that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth wild grapes.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And he fenced H5823 (עָזַק) — to grub over
- it, and gathered out the stones H5619 (סָקַל) — properly, to be weighty; but used only in the sense of lapidation or its contrary (as if a delapidation)
- thereof, and planted H5193 (נָטַע) — properly, to strike in, i.e. fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)
- it with the choicest vine H8321 (שֹׂרֵק) — a vine stock (properly, one yielding purple grapes, the richest variety)
- and built H1129 (בָּנָה) — to build (literally and figuratively)
- a tower H4026 (מִגְדָּל) — a tower (from its size or height); by analogy, a rostrum; figuratively, a (pyramidal) bed of flowers
- in the midst H8432 (תָּוֶךְ) — a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre
- of it, and also made H2672 (חָצַב) — to cut or carve (wood, stone or other material); by implication, to hew, split, square, quarry, engrave
- a winepress H3342 (יֶקֶב) — a trough (as dug out); specifically, a wine-vat (whether the lower one, into which the juice drains; or the upper, in which the grapes are crushed)
- therein: and he looked H6960 (קָוָה) — to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
- that it should bring forth H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- grapes H6025 (עֵנָב) — a grape
- and it brought forth H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- wild grapes H891 (בְּאֻשִׁים) — poison-berries
3 And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And now, O inhabitants H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- of Jerusalem H3389 (יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
- and men H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- of Judah H3063 (יְהוּדָה) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
- judge H8199 (שָׁפַט) — to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or figur…
- I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
4 What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? wherefore, when I looked that it should bring forth grapes, brought it forth wild grapes?Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- What could have been done H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- more to my vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- that I have not done H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- in it? wherefore H4069 (מַדּוּעַ) — what (is) known?; i.e. (by implication) (adverbially) why?
- when I looked H6960 (קָוָה) — to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
- that it should bring forth H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- grapes H6025 (עֵנָב) — a grape
- brought it forth H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- wild grapes H891 (בְּאֻשִׁים) — poison-berries
5 And now I will tell you what I will do to my vineyard: I will take away the hedge thereof, and it shall be eaten up; I will break down the wall thereof, and it shall be trodden down:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And now go to; I will tell H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- you what I will do H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- to my vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- I will take away H5493 (סוּר) — to turn off (literally or figuratively)
- the hedge H4881 (מְשׂוּכָה) — a hedge
- thereof, and it shall be eaten up H1197 (בָּעַר) — to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by eating); to be (-come) brutish
- break down H6555 (פָּרַץ) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
- the wall H1447 (גָּדֵר) — a circumvallation; by implication, an inclosure
- thereof, and it shall be trodden down H4823 (מִרְמָס) — abasement (the act or the thing)
6 and I will lay it waste; it shall not be pruned nor hoed; but there shall come up briers and thorns: I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And I will lay H7896 (שִׁית) — to place (in a very wide application)
- it waste H1326 (בָּתָה) — desolation
- it shall not be pruned H2168 (זָמַר) — to trim (a vine)
- nor digged H5737 (עֲדַר) — to arrange, as a battle, a vineyard (to hoe); hence, to muster and so to miss (or find wanting)
- but there shall come up H5927 (עָלָה) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
- briers H8068 (שָׁמִיר) — a thorn; also (from its keenness for scratching) a gem, probably the diamond
- and thorns H7898 (שַׁיִת) — scrub or trash, i.e. wild growth of weeds or briers (as if put on the field)
- I will also command H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
- the clouds H5645 (עָב) — properly, an envelope, i.e. darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
- that they rain H4305 (מָטַר) — to rain
- no rain H4306 (מָטַר) — rain
7 For the vineyard of Jehovah of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- For the vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
- the house H1004 (בַּיִת) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- and the men H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- of Judah H3063 (יְהוּדָה) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
- his pleasant H8191 (שַׁעְשֻׁעַ) — enjoyment
- plant H5194 (נֶטַע) — a plant; collectively, a plantation; abstractly, a planting
- and he looked H6960 (קָוָה) — to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
- for judgment H4941 (מִשְׁפָּט) — properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or…
- but behold oppression H4939 (מִשְׂפָּח) — slaughter
- for righteousness H6666 (צְדָקָה) — rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)
- but behold a cry H6818 (צַעֲקָה) — a shriek
8 Woe unto them that join house to house, that lay field to field, till there be no room, and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- unto them that join H5060 (נָגַע) — properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive, acquire);…
- house H1004 (בַּיִת) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
- to house H1004 (בַּיִת) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
- lay H7126 (קָרַב) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
- field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
- to field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
- no H657 (אֶפֶס) — cessation, i.e. an end (especially of the earth); often used adverb, no further; also the ankle (in the dual), as being the extremity of the leg or foot
- place H4725 (מָקוֹם) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
- that they may be placed H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- alone in the midst H7130 (קֶרֶב) — properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
- of the earth H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
9 In mine ears saith Jehovah of hosts, Of a truth many houses shall be desolate, even great and fair, without inhabitant.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- In mine ears H241 (אֹזֶן) — broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
- Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
- Of a truth H3808 (לֹא) — not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
- many H7227 (רַב) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
- houses H1004 (בַּיִת) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
- shall be desolate H8047 (שַׁמָּה) — ruin; by implication, consternation
- great H1419 (גָּדוֹל) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
- and fair H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
- without inhabitant H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
10 For ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and a homer of seed shall yield but an ephah.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Yea H3588 (כִּי) — (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
- ten H6235 (עֶשֶׂר) — ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
- acres H6776 (צֶמֶד) — a yoke or team (i.e. pair); hence, an acre (i.e. day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough)
- of vineyard H3754 (כֶּרֶם) — a garden or vineyard
- shall yield H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- one H259 (אֶחָד) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
- bath H1324 (בַּת) — a bath or Hebrew measure (as a means of division) of liquids
- and the seed H2233 (זֶרַע) — seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
- of an homer H2563 (חֹמֶר) — properly, a bubbling up, i.e. of water, a wave; of earth, mire or clay (cement); also a heap; hence, a chomer or dry measure
- an ephah H374 (אֵיפָה) — an ephah or measure for grain; hence, a measure in general
11 Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that tarry late into the night, till wine inflame them!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- unto them that rise up early H7925 (שָׁכַם) — literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning
- in the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
- they may follow H7291 (רָדַף) — to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)
- strong drink H7941 (שֵׁכָר) — an intoxicant, i.e. intensely alcoholic liquor
- that continue H309 (אָחַר) — to loiter (i.e. be behind); by implication to procrastinate
- until night H5399 (נֶשֶׁף) — properly, a breeze, i.e. (by implication) dusk (when the evening breeze prevails)
- wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
- inflame H1814 (דָּלַק) — to flame (literally or figuratively)
12 And the harp and the lute, the tabret and the pipe, and wine, are in their feasts; but they regard not the work of Jehovah, neither have they considered the operation of his hands.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And the harp H3658 (כִּנּוֹר) — a harp
- and the viol H5035 (נֶבֶל) — a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); hence, a vase (as similar in shape when full); also a lyre (as having a body of like form)
- the tabret H8596 (תֹּף) — a tambourine
- and pipe H2485 (חָלִיל) — a flute (as perforated)
- and wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
- are in their feasts H4960 (מִשְׁתֶּה) — drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally) feast
- but they regard H5027 (נָבַט) — to scan, i.e. look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
- not the work H6467 (פֹּעַל) — an act or work (concretely)
- of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- neither consider H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
- the operation H4639 (מַעֲשֶׂה) — an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
- of his hands H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
13 Therefore my people are gone into captivity for lack of knowledge; and their honorable men are famished, and their multitude are parched with thirst.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore my people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- are gone into captivity H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- no knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
- and their honourable H3519 (כָּבוֹד) — properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
- men H4962 (מַת) — properly, an adult (as of full length); by implication, a man (only in the plural)
- famished H7458 (רָעָב) — hunger (more or less extensive)
- and their multitude H1995 (הָמוֹן) — a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth
- dried up H6704 (צִחֶה) — parched
- with thirst H6772 (צָמָא) — thirst (literally or figuratively)
14 Therefore Sheol hath enlarged its desire, and opened its mouth without measure; and their glory, and their multitude, and their pomp, and he that rejoiceth among them, descend into it.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore hell H7585 (שְׁאוֹל) — hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates
- hath enlarged H7337 (רָחַב) — to broaden (intransitive or transitive, literal or figurative)
- herself H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
- and opened H6473 (פָּעַר) — to yawn, i.e. open wide (literally or figuratively)
- her mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
- without measure H2706 (חֹק) — an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)
- and their glory H1926 (הָדָר) — magnificence, i.e. ornament or splendor
- and their multitude H1995 (הָמוֹן) — a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth
- and their pomp H7588 (שָׁאוֹן) — uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction
- and he that rejoiceth H5938 (עָלֵז) — exultant
- shall descend H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
15 And the mean man is bowed down, and the great man is humbled, and the eyes of the lofty are humbled:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And the mean man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
- shall be brought down H7817 (שָׁחַח) — to sink or depress (reflexive or causative)
- and the mighty man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- shall be humbled H8213 (שָׁפֵל) — to depress or sink (especially figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)
- and the eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
- of the lofty H1364 (גָּבֹהַּ) — elevated (or elated), powerful, arrogant
16 but Jehovah of hosts is exalted in justice, and God the Holy One is sanctified in righteousness.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- But Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
- shall be exalted H1361 (גָּבַהּ) — to soar, i.e. be lofty; figuratively, to be haughty
- in judgment H4941 (מִשְׁפָּט) — properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or…
- and God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
- that is holy H6918 (קָדוֹשׁ) — sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
- shall be sanctified H6942 (קָדַשׁ) — to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
- in righteousness H6666 (צְדָקָה) — rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)
17 Then shall the lambs feed as in their pasture, and the waste places of the fat ones shall wanderers eat.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Then shall the lambs H3532 (כֶּבֶשׂ) — a ram (just old enough to butt)
- feed H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
- after their manner H1699 (דֹּבֶר) — a pasture (from its arrangement of the flock)
- and the waste places H2723 (חׇרְבָּה) — properly, drought, i.e. (by implication) a desolation
- of the fat ones H4220 (מֵחַ) — fat; figuratively, rich
- shall strangers H1481 (גּוּר) — properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place); also to gat…
- eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
18 Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of falsehood, and sin as it were with a cart rope;Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- unto them that draw H4900 (מָשַׁךְ) — to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)
- iniquity H5771 (עָוֺן) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
- with cords H2256 (חֶבֶל) — a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as…
- of vanity H7723 (שָׁוְא) — evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, objective; also…
- and sin H2403 (חַטָּאָה) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
- as it were with a cart H5699 (עֲגָלָה) — something revolving, i.e. a wheeled vehicle
- rope H5688 (עֲבֹת) — something intwined, i.e. a string, wreath or foliage
19 that say, Let him make speed, let him hasten his work, that we may see it; and let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel draw nigh and come, that we may know it!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- That say H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- Let him make speed H4116 (מָהַר) — properly, to be liquid or flow easily, i.e. (by implication); to hurry (in a good or a bad sense); often used (with another verb) adverbially, promptly
- hasten H2363 (חוּשׁ) — to hurry; figuratively, to be eager with excitement or enjoyment
- his work H4639 (מַעֲשֶׂה) — an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
- that we may see H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
- and let the counsel H6098 (עֵצָה) — advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
- of the Holy One H6918 (קָדוֹשׁ) — sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- draw nigh H7126 (קָרַב) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
- and come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- that we may know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
20 Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- unto them that call H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
- and good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
- that put H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
- darkness H2822 (חֹשֶׁךְ) — the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
- for light H216 (אוֹר) — illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
- and light H216 (אוֹר) — illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
- for darkness H2822 (חֹשֶׁךְ) — the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
- bitter H4751 (מַר) — bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
- for sweet H4966 (מָתוֹק) — sweet
- and sweet H4966 (מָתוֹק) — sweet
- for bitter H4751 (מַר) — bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
21 Woe unto them that are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- wise H2450 (חָכָם) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
- in their own eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
- and prudent H995 (בִּין) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand
- in their own sight H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
22 Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink;Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
- mighty H1368 (גִּבּוֹר) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
- to drink H8354 (שָׁתָה) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
- wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
- and men H582 (אֱנוֹשׁ) — properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified 120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)
- of strength H2428 (חַיִל) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
- to mingle H4537 (מָסַךְ) — to mix, especially wine (with spices)
- strong drink H7941 (שֵׁכָר) — an intoxicant, i.e. intensely alcoholic liquor
23 that justify the wicked for a bribe, and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him!Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Which justify H6663 (צָדַק) — to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral or forensic sense)
- the wicked H7563 (רָשָׁע) — morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
- for H6118 (עֵקֶב) — a heel, i.e. (figuratively) the last of anything (used adverbially, for ever); also result, i.e. compensation; and so (adverb with preposition or relatively) on…
- reward H7810 (שַׁחַד) — a donation (venal or redemptive)
- and take away H5493 (סוּר) — to turn off (literally or figuratively)
- the righteousness H6666 (צְדָקָה) — rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)
- of the righteous H6662 (צַדִּיק) — just
24 Therefore as the tongue of fire devoureth the stubble, and as the dry grass sinketh down in the flame, so their root shall be as rottenness, and their blossom shall go up as dust; because they have rejected the law of Jehovah of hosts, and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore as the fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
- devoureth H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- the stubble H7179 (קַשׁ) — straw (as dry)
- and the flame H3852 (לֶהָבָה)
- and the flame H3956 (לָשׁוֹן) — the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of…
- consumeth H7503 (רָפָה) — to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
- the chaff H2842 (חָשַׁשׁ) — dry grass
- their root H8328 (שֶׁרֶשׁ) — a root (literally or figuratively)
- shall be as rottenness H4716 (מַק) — properly, a melting, i.e. putridity
- and their blossom H6525 (פֶּרַח) — a calyx (natural or artificial); generally, bloom
- shall go up H5927 (עָלָה) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
- as dust H80 (אָבָק) — light particles (as volatile)
- because they have cast away H3988 (מָאַס) — to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
- the law H8451 (תּוֹרָה) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
- of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
- and despised H5006 (נָאַץ) — to scorn; or (in Ecclesiastes 12:5), by interchange for 5132, to bloom
- the word H565 (אִמְרָה)
- of the Holy One H6918 (קָדוֹשׁ) — sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
25 Therefore is the anger of Jehovah kindled against his people, and he hath stretched forth his hand against them, and hath smitten them; and the mountains tremble, and their dead bodies are as refuse in the midst of the streets. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore is the anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
- of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- kindled H2734 (חָרָה) — to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
- against his people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- and he hath stretched forth H5186 (נָטָה) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
- his hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
- against them, and hath smitten H5221 (נָכָה) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
- them: and the hills H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
- did tremble H7264 (רָגַז) — to quiver (with any violent emotion, especially anger or fear)
- and their carcases H5038 (נְבֵלָה) — a flabby thing, i.e. a carcase or carrion (human or bestial, often collectively); figuratively, an idol
- torn H5478 (סוּחָה) — something swept away, i.e. filth
- in the midst H7130 (קֶרֶב) — properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
- of the streets H2351 (חוּץ) — properly, separate by a wall, i.e. outside, outdoors
- For all this his anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
- is not turned away H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
- but his hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
- stretched out H5186 (נָטָה) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
26 And he will lift up an ensign to the nations from far, and will hiss for them from the end of the earth; and, behold, they shall come with speed swiftly.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And he will lift up H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
- an ensign H5251 (נֵס) — a flag; also a sail; by implication, a flagstaff; generally a signal; figuratively, a token
- to the nations H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
- from far H7350 (רָחוֹק) — remote, literally or figuratively, of place or time; specifically, precious; often used adverbially (with preposition)
- and will hiss H8319 (שָׁרַק) — properly, to be shrill, i.e. to whistle or hiss (as a call or in scorn)
- unto them from the end H7097 (קָצֶה) — an extremity
- of the earth H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- and, behold, they shall come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- with speed H4120 (מְהֵרָה) — properly, a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptly
- swiftly H7031 (קַל) — light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial)
27 None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- None shall be weary H5889 (עָיֵף) — languid
- nor stumble H3782 (כָּשַׁל) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall
- among them; none shall slumber H5123 (נוּם) — to slumber (from drowsiness)
- nor sleep H3462 (יָשֵׁן) — properly, to be slack or languid, i.e. (by implication) sleep (figuratively, to die); also to grow old, stale or inveterate
- neither shall the girdle H232 (אֵזוֹר) — something girt; a belt, also a band
- of their loins H2504 (חָלָץ) — the loins (as the seat of vigor)
- be loosed H6605 (פָּתַח) — to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
- nor the latchet H8288 (שְׂרוֹךְ) — a thong (as laced or tied)
- of their shoes H5275 (נַעַל) — properly, a sandal tongue; by extension a sandal or slipper (sometimes as a symbol of occupancy, a refusal to marry, or of something valueless)
- be broken H5423 (נָתַק) — to tear off
28 whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent; their horses’ hoofs shall be accounted as flint, and their wheels as a whirlwind:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Whose arrows H2671 (חֵץ) — properly, a piercer, i.e. an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of God) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear
- sharp H8150 (שָׁנַן) — to point (transitive or intransitive); intensively, to pierce; figuratively, to inculcate
- and all their bows H7198 (קֶשֶׁת) — a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
- bent H1869 (דָּרַךְ) — to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow (by treading on it in bending)
- their horses’ H5483 (סוּס) — a horse (as leaping); also a swallow (from its rapid flight)
- hoofs H6541 (פַּרְסָה) — a claw or split hoof
- shall be counted H2803 (חָשַׁב) — properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e. (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a malicious sense); h…
- like flint H6862 (צַר) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in 6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding)
- and their wheels H1534 (גַּלְגַּל) — a wheel; by analogy, a whirlwind; also dust (as whirled)
- like a whirlwind H5492 (סוּפָה) — a hurricane
29 their roaring shall be like a lioness, they shall roar like young lions; yea, they shall roar, and lay hold of the prey, and carry it away safe, and there shall be none to deliver.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Their roaring H7581 (שְׁאָגָה) — a rumbling or moan
- like a lion H3833 (לָבִיא) — a lion (properly, a lioness as the fiercer (although not a roarer;))
- they shall roar H7580 (שָׁאַג) — to rumble or moan
- like young lions H3715 (כְּפִיר) — a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)
- yea, they shall roar H5098 (נָהַם) — to growl
- and lay hold H270 (אָחַז) — to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
- of the prey H2964 (טֶרֶף) — something torn, i.e. a fragment, e.g. a fresh leaf, prey, food
- away safe H6403 (פָּלַט) — to slip out, i.e. escape; causatively, to deliver
- and none shall deliver H5337 (נָצַל) — to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
30 And they shall roar against them in that day like the roaring of the sea: and if one look unto the land, behold, darkness and distress; and the light is darkened in the clouds thereof.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And in that day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
- they shall roar H5098 (נָהַם) — to growl
- against them like the roaring H5100 (נְהָמָה) — snarling
- of the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
- look H5027 (נָבַט) — to scan, i.e. look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
- unto the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- behold darkness H2822 (חֹשֶׁךְ) — the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
- sorrow H6862 (צַר) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in 6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding)
- and the light H216 (אוֹר) — illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
- is darkened H2821 (חָשַׁךְ) — to be dark (as withholding light); transitively, to darken
- in the heavens H6183 (עָרִיף) — the sky (as drooping at the horizon)