1 Hear the word of Jehovah, ye children of Israel; for Jehovah hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor goodness, nor knowledge of God in the land.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Hear H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
- the word H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
- of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- ye children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- for Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- hath a controversy H7379 (רִיב) — a contest (personal or legal)
- with the inhabitants H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- of the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- no truth H571 (אֶמֶת) — stability; (figuratively) certainty, truth, trustworthiness
- nor mercy H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
- nor knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
- of God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
- in the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
2 There is nought but swearing and breaking faith, and killing, and stealing, and committing adultery; they break out, and blood toucheth blood.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- By swearing H422 (אָלָה) — properly, to adjure, i.e. (usually in a bad sense) imprecate
- and lying H3584 (כָּחַשׁ) — to be untrue, in word (to lie, feign, disown) or deed (to disappoint, fail, cringe)
- and killing H7523 (רָצַח) — properly, to dash in pieces, i.e. kill (a human being), especially to murder
- and stealing H1589 (גָּנַב) — to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
- and committing adultery H5003 (נָאַף) — to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
- they break out H6555 (פָּרַץ) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
- and blood H1818 (דָּם) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. dr…
- toucheth H5060 (נָגַע) — properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive, acquire);…
- blood H1818 (דָּם) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. dr…
3 Therefore shall the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein shall languish, with the beasts of the field and the birds of the heavens; yea, the fishes of the sea also shall be taken away.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore shall the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- mourn H56 (אָבַל) — to bewail
- and every one that dwelleth H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- therein shall languish H535 (אָמַל) — to droop; by implication to be sick, to mourn
- with the beasts H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
- of the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
- and with the fowls H5775 (עוֹף) — a bird (as covered with feathers, or rather as covering with wings), often collectively
- of heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)
- yea, the fishes H1709 (דָּג) — a fish (often used collectively)
- of the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
- also shall be taken away H622 (אָסַף) — to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
4 Yet let no man strive, neither let any man reprove; for thy people are as they that strive with the priest.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Yet let no man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- strive H7378 (רִיב) — properly, to toss, i.e. grapple; mostly figuratively, to wrangle, i.e. hold a controversy; (by implication) to defend
- nor reprove H3198 (יָכַח) — to be right (i.e. correct); reciprocal, to argue; causatively, to decide, justify or convict
- another H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- for thy people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- as they that strive H7378 (רִיב) — properly, to toss, i.e. grapple; mostly figuratively, to wrangle, i.e. hold a controversy; (by implication) to defend
- with the priest H3548 (כֹּהֵן) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
5 And thou shalt stumble in the day, and the prophet also shall stumble with thee in the night; and I will destroy thy mother.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore shalt thou fall H3782 (כָּשַׁל) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall
- in the day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
- and the prophet H5030 (נָבִיא) — a prophet or (generally) inspired man
- also shall fall H3782 (כָּשַׁל) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall
- with thee in the night H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
- and I will destroy H1820 (דָּמָה) — to be dumb or silent; hence, to fail or perish; trans. to destroy
- thy mother H517 (אֵם) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
6 My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I also will forget thy children.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- My people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- are destroyed H1820 (דָּמָה) — to be dumb or silent; hence, to fail or perish; trans. to destroy
- for lack of knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
- because thou hast rejected H3988 (מָאַס) — to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
- knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
- I will also reject H3988 (מָאַס) — to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
- thee, that thou shalt be no priest H3547 (כָּהַן) — to officiate as a priest; figuratively, to put on regalia
- to me: seeing thou hast forgotten H7911 (שָׁכַח) — to mislay, i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention
- the law H8451 (תּוֹרָה) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
- of thy God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
- I will also forget H7911 (שָׁכַח) — to mislay, i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention
- thy children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
7 As they were multiplied, so they sinned against me: I will change their glory into shame.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- As they were increased H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
- so they sinned H2398 (חָטָא) — properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
- will I change H4171 (מוּר) — to alter; by implication, to barter, to dispose of
- their glory H3519 (כָּבוֹד) — properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
- into shame H7036 (קָלוֹן) — disgrace; (by implication) the pudenda
8 They feed on the sin of my people, and set their heart on their iniquity.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- They eat up H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- the sin H2403 (חַטָּאָה) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
- of my people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- and they set H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
- their heart H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
- on their iniquity H5771 (עָוֺן) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
9 And it shall be, like people, like priest; and I will punish them for their ways, and will requite them their doings.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And there shall be, like people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- like priest H3548 (כֹּהֵן) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
- and I will punish H6485 (פָּקַד) — to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc.
- them for their ways H1870 (דֶּרֶךְ) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
- and reward H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
- them their doings H4611 (מַעֲלָל) — an act (good or bad)
10 And they shall eat, and not have enough; they shall play the harlot, and shall not increase; because they have left off taking heed to Jehovah.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- For they shall eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- and not have enough H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
- they shall commit whoredom H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- and shall not increase H6555 (פָּרַץ) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
- because they have left off H5800 (עָזַב) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
- to take heed H8104 (שָׁמַר) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.
- to Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
11 Whoredom and wine and new wine take away the understanding.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Whoredom H2184 (זְנוּת) — adultery, i.e. (figuratively) infidelity, idolatry
- and wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
- and new wine H8492 (תִּירוֹשׁ) — must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out); by implication (rarely) fermented wine
- take away H3947 (לָקַח) — to take (in the widest variety of applications)
- the heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
12 My people ask counsel at their stock, and their staff declareth unto them; for the spirit of whoredom hath caused them to err, and they have played the harlot, departing from under their God.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- My people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- ask H7592 (שָׁאַל) — to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
- counsel at their stocks H6086 (עֵץ) — a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
- and their staff H4731 (מַקֵּל) — a shoot, i.e. stick (with leaves on, or for walking, striking, guiding, divining)
- declareth H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
- unto them: for the spirit H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
- of whoredoms H2183 (זָנוּן) — adultery; figuratively, idolatry
- to err H8582 (תָּעָה) — to vacillate, i.e. reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both
- and they have gone a whoring H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- from under their God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
13 They sacrifice upon the tops of the mountains, and burn incense upon the hills, under oaks and poplars and terebinths, because the shadow thereof is good: therefore your daughters play the harlot, and your brides commit adultery.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- They sacrifice H2076 (זָבַח) — to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
- upon the tops H7218 (רֹאשׁ) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
- of the mountains H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
- and burn incense H6999 (קָטַר) — to smoke, i.e. turn into fragrance by fire (especially as an act of worship)
- upon the hills H1389 (גִּבְעָה) — a hillock
- under oaks H437 (אַלּוֹן)
- and poplars H3839 (לִבְנֶה) — some sort of whitish tree, perhaps the storax
- and elms H424 (אֵלָה) — an oak or other strong tree
- because the shadow H6738 (צֵל) — shade, whether literal or figurative
- good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
- therefore your daughters H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- shall commit whoredom H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- and your spouses H3618 (כַּלָּה) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
- shall commit adultery H5003 (נָאַף) — to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
14 I will not punish your daughters when they play the harlot, nor your brides when they commit adultery; for the men themselves go apart with harlots, and they sacrifice with the prostitutes; and the people that doth not understand shall be overthrown.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- I will not punish H6485 (פָּקַד) — to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc.
- your daughters H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- when they commit whoredom H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- nor your spouses H3618 (כַּלָּה) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
- when they commit adultery H5003 (נָאַף) — to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
- for themselves are separated H6504 (פָּרַד) — to break through, i.e. spread or separate (oneself)
- with whores H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- and they sacrifice H2076 (זָבַח) — to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
- with harlots H6948 (קְדֵשָׁה) — a female devotee (i.e. prostitute)
- therefore the people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- doth not understand H995 (בִּין) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand
- shall fall H3832 (לָבַט) — to overthrow; intransposed, to fall
15 Though thou, Israel, play the harlot, yet let not Judah offend; and come not ye unto Gilgal, neither go ye up to Beth-aven, nor swear, As Jehovah liveth.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Though thou, Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- play the harlot H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- let not Judah H3063 (יְהוּדָה) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
- offend H816 (אָשַׁם) — to be guilty; by implication to be punished or perish
- and come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- not ye unto Gilgal H1537 (גִּלְגָּל) — Gilgal, the name of three places in Palestine
- neither go ye up H5927 (עָלָה) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
- to Beth–aven H1007 (בֵּית אָוֶן) — Beth-Aven, a place in Palestine
- nor swear H7650 (שָׁבַע) — to seven oneself, i.e. swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
- Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- liveth H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
16 For Israel hath behaved himself stubbornly, like a stubborn heifer: now will Jehovah feed them as a lamb in a large place.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- For Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- slideth back H5637 (סָרַר) — to turn away, i.e. (morally) be refractory
- as a backsliding H5637 (סָרַר) — to turn away, i.e. (morally) be refractory
- heifer H6510 (פָּרָה) — a heifer
- Now Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- will feed H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
- them as a lamb H3532 (כֶּבֶשׂ) — a ram (just old enough to butt)
- in a large place H4800 (מֶרְחָב) — enlargement, either literally (an open space, usually in a good sense), or figuratively (liberty)
17 Ephraim is joined to idols; let him alone.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
- joined H2266 (חָבַר) — to join (literally or figuratively); specifically (by means of spells) to fascinate
- to idols H6091 (עָצָב) — an (idolatrous) image
- let him alone H3240 (יָנַח) — to deposit; by implication, to allow to stay
18 Their drink is become sour; they play the harlot continually; her rulers dearly love shame.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Their drink H5435 (סֹבֶא) — potation, concretely (wine), or abstractly (carousal)
- is sour H5493 (סוּר) — to turn off (literally or figuratively)
- they have committed whoredom H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- continually H2181 (זָנָה) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (the Jewish…
- her rulers H4043 (מָגֵן) — a shield (i.e. the small one or buckler); figuratively, a protector; also the scaly hide of the crocodile
- shame H7036 (קָלוֹן) — disgrace; (by implication) the pudenda
- do love H157 (אָהַב) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
- Give H3051 (יָהַב) — to give (whether literal or figurative); generally, to put; imperatively (reflexive) come
19 The wind hath wrapped her up in its wings; and they shall be put to shame because of their sacrifices.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- The wind H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
- hath bound her up H6887 (צָרַר) — to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive
- in her wings H3671 (כָּנָף) — an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
- and they shall be ashamed H954 (בּוּשׁ) — properly, to pale, i.e. by implication to be ashamed; also (by implication) to be disappointed or delayed
- because of their sacrifices H2077 (זֶבַח) — properly, a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an animal; by implication, a sacrifice (the victim or the act)