Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Proverbs

Proverbs 20

1 Wine is a mocker, strong drink a brawler; And whosoever erreth thereby is not wise.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
  • a mocker H3887 (לוּץ) — properly, to make mouths at, i.e. to scoff; hence (from the effort to pronounce a foreign language) to interpret, or (generally) intercede
  • strong drink H7941 (שֵׁכָר) — an intoxicant, i.e. intensely alcoholic liquor
  • raging H1993 (הָמָה) — to make a loud sound (like English 'hum'); by implication, to be in great commotion or tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor
  • and whosoever is deceived H7686 (שָׁגָה) — to stray (causatively, mislead), usually (figuratively) to mistake, especially (morally) to transgress; by extension (through the idea of intoxication) to reel,…
  • thereby is not wise H2449 (חָכַם) — to be wise (in mind, word or act)

2 The terror of a king is as the roaring of a lion: He that provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own life.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The fear H367 (אֵימָה) — fright; concrete, an idol (as a bugbear)
  • of a king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
  • as the roaring H5099 (נַהַם) — a snarl
  • of a lion H3715 (כְּפִיר) — a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)
  • provoketh him to anger H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • sinneth H2398 (חָטָא) — properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
  • his own soul H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)

3 It is an honor for a man to keep aloof from strife; But every fool will be quarrelling.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • an honour H3519 (כָּבוֹד) — properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
  • for a man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • to cease H7674 (שֶׁבֶת) — rest, interruption, cessation
  • from strife H7379 (רִיב) — a contest (personal or legal)
  • but every fool H191 (אֱוִיל) — (figuratively) silly
  • will be meddling H1566 (גָּלַע) — to be obstinate

4 The sluggard will not plow by reason of the winter; Therefore he shall beg in harvest, and have nothing.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The sluggard H6102 (עָצֵל) — indolent
  • will not plow H2790 (חָרַשׁ) — to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad sense); he…
  • by reason of the cold H2779 (חֹרֶף) — properly, the crop gathered, i.e. (by implication) the autumn (and winter) season; figuratively, ripeness of age
  • shall he beg H7592 (שָׁאַל) — to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
  • in harvest H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)

5 Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water; But a man of understanding will draw it out.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Psalms 64:6 · Proverbs 18:4 · 1 Corinthians 2:11
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Counsel H6098 (עֵצָה) — advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
  • in the heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • of man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • deep H6013 (עָמֹק) — deep (literally or figuratively)
  • water H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • but a man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • of understanding H8394 (תָּבוּן) — intelligence; by implication, an argument; by extension, caprice
  • will draw it out H1802 (דָּלָה) — properly, to dangle, i.e. to let down a bucket (for drawing out water); figuratively, to deliver

6 Most men will proclaim every one his own kindness; But a faithful man who can find?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Most H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
  • men H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • will proclaim H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
  • every one H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • his own goodness H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
  • but a faithful H529 (אֵמוּן) — established, i.e. (figuratively) trusty; also (abstractly) trustworthiness
  • man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • who can find H4672 (מָצָא) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

7 A righteous man that walketh in his integrity, Blessed are his children after him.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The just H6662 (צַדִּיק) — just
  • walketh H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
  • in his integrity H8537 (תֹּם) — completeness; figuratively, prosperity; usually (morally) innocence
  • his children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • blessed H835 (אֶשֶׁר) — happiness; only in masculine plural construction as interjection, how happy!
  • after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

8 A king that sitteth on the throne of judgment Scattereth away all evil with his eyes.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
  • that sitteth in H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • the throne H3678 (כִּסֵּא) — properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)
  • of judgment H1779 (דִּין) — judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or tribunal); by implication also strife
  • scattereth away H2219 (זָרָה) — to toss about; by implication, to diffuse, winnow
  • all evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
  • with his eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

9 Who can say, I have made my heart clean, I am pure from my sin?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Who can say H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • I have made my heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • clean H2135 (זָכָה) — to be translucent; figuratively, to be innocent
  • I am pure H2891 (טָהֵר) — to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally, innocent or holy)
  • from my sin H2403 (חַטָּאָה) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender

10 Diverse weights, and diverse measures, Both of them alike are an abomination to Jehovah.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Divers weights H68 (אֶבֶן) — a stone
  • divers measures H374 (אֵיפָה) — an ephah or measure for grain; hence, a measure in general
  • both H8147 (שְׁנַיִם) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold
  • alike H1571 (גַּם) — properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
  • abomination H8441 (תּוֹעֵבַה) — properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e. (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
  • to Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God

11 Even a child maketh himself known by his doings, Whether his work be pure, and whether it be right.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Even a child H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • is known H5234 (נָכַר) — properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspic…
  • by his doings H4611 (מַעֲלָל) — an act (good or bad)
  • whether his work H6467 (פֹּעַל) — an act or work (concretely)
  • pure H2134 (זַךְ) — clear
  • right H3477 (יָשָׁר) — straight (literally or figuratively)

12 The hearing ear, and the seeing eye, Jehovah hath made even both of them.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The hearing H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • ear H241 (אֹזֶן) — broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
  • and the seeing H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
  • eye H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • hath made H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • even both H8147 (שְׁנַיִם) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold

13 Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty; Open thine eyes, and thou shalt be satisfied with bread.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Love H157 (אָהַב) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
  • not sleep H8142 (שֵׁנָה) — sleep
  • lest thou come to poverty H3423 (יָרַשׁ) — to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish, to ruin
  • open H6491 (פָּקַח) — to open (the senses, especially the eyes); figuratively, to be observant
  • thine eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • thou shalt be satisfied H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
  • with bread H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

14 It is bad, it is bad, saith the buyer; But when he is gone his way, then he boasteth.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Ecclesiastes 1:10 · Hosea 12:7 · 1 Thessalonians 4:6
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • naught H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
  • saith H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • the buyer H7069 (קָנָה) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own
  • but when he is gone H235 (אָזַל) — to go away, hence, to disappear
  • his way, then he boasteth H1984 (הָלַל) — to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to ce…

15 There is gold, and abundance of rubies; But the lips of knowledge are a precious jewel.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • There is H3426 (יֵשׁ) — there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
  • gold H2091 (זָהָב) — gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky
  • and a multitude H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
  • of rubies H6443 (פָּנִין) — probably a pearl (as round)
  • but the lips H8193 (שָׂפָה) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
  • of knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
  • a precious H3366 (יְקָר) — value, i.e. (concretely) wealth; abstractly, costliness, dignity
  • jewel H3627 (כְּלִי) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)

16 Take his garment that is surety for a stranger; And hold him in pledge that is surety for foreigners.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Take H3947 (לָקַח) — to take (in the widest variety of applications)
  • his garment H899 (בֶּגֶד) — a covering, i.e. clothing; also treachery or pillage
  • that is surety H6148 (עָרַב) — to braid, i.e. intermix; technically, to traffic (as if by barter); also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange)
  • a stranger H2114 (זוּר) — to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery
  • and take a pledge H2254 (חָבַל) — to wind tightly (as a rope), i.e. to bind; specifically, by a pledge; figuratively, to pervert, destroy; also to writhe in pain (especially of parturition)
  • of him for a strange woman H5237 (נׇכְרִי) — strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful)

17 Bread of falsehood is sweet to a man; But afterwards his mouth shall be filled with gravel.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Bread H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
  • of deceit H8267 (שֶׁקֶר) — an untruth; by implication, a sham (often adverbial)
  • sweet H6156 (עָרֵב) — pleasant
  • to a man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • but afterwards H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • his mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • shall be filled H4390 (מָלֵא) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
  • with gravel H2687 (חָצָץ) — properly, something cutting; hence, gravel (as grit); an arrow

18 Every purpose is established by counsel; And by wise guidance make thou war.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • purpose H4284 (מַחֲשָׁבָה) — a contrivance, i.e. (concretely) a texture, machine, or (abstractly) intention, plan (whether bad, a plot; or good, advice)
  • is established H3559 (כּוּן) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix, prepare, a…
  • by counsel H6098 (עֵצָה) — advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
  • and with good advice H8458 (תַּחְבֻּלָה) — (only in plural) properly, steerage (as a management of ropes), i.e. (figuratively) guidance or (by implication) a plan
  • make H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • war H4421 (מִלְחָמָה) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. war-fare)

19 He that goeth about as a tale-bearer revealeth secrets; Therefore company not with him that openeth wide his lips.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He that goeth about H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
  • a talebearer H7400 (רָכִיל) — a scandal-monger (as travelling about)
  • revealeth H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
  • secrets H5475 (סוֹד) — a session, i.e. company of persons (in close deliberation); by implication, intimacy, consultation, a secret
  • therefore meddle H6148 (עָרַב) — to braid, i.e. intermix; technically, to traffic (as if by barter); also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange)
  • not with him that flattereth H6601 (פָּתָה) — to open, i.e. be (causatively, make) roomy; usually figuratively (in a mental or moral sense) to be (causatively, make) simple or (in a sinister way) delude
  • with his lips H8193 (שָׂפָה) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)

20 Whoso curseth his father or his mother, His lamp shall be put out in blackness of darkness.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Whoso curseth H7043 (קָלַל) — to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)
  • his father H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • or his mother H517 (אֵם) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
  • his lamp H5216 (נִיר) — a lamp (i.e. the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)
  • shall be put out H1846 (דָּעַךְ) — to be extinguished; figuratively, to expire or be dried up
  • in obscure H380 (אִישׁוֹן) — the little man of the eye; the pupil or ball; hence, the middle (of night)
  • darkness H2822 (חֹשֶׁךְ) — the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

21 An inheritance may be gotten hastily at the beginning; But the end thereof shall not be blessed.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • An inheritance H5159 (נַחֲלָה) — properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion
  • gotten hastily H973 (בָּחַל) — to loath
  • gotten hastily H926 (בָּהַל) — to tremble inwardly (or palpitate), i.e. (figuratively) be (causative, make) (suddenly) alarmed or agitated; by implication to hasten anxiously
  • at the beginning H7223 (רִאשׁוֹן) — first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
  • but the end H319 (אַחֲרִית) — the last or end, hence, the future; also posterity
  • thereof shall not be blessed H1288 (בָּרַךְ) — to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)

22 Say not thou, I will recompense evil: Wait for Jehovah, and he will save thee.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Say H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • not thou, I will recompense H7999 (שָׁלַם) — to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate (in variou…
  • evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
  • wait on H6960 (קָוָה) — to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
  • Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • and he shall save H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor

23 Diverse weights are an abomination to Jehovah; And a false balance is not good.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Proverbs 11:1 · Proverbs 20:10 · Hosea 12:7 · Amos 8:5
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Divers weights H68 (אֶבֶן) — a stone
  • an abomination H8441 (תּוֹעֵבַה) — properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e. (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
  • unto Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • and a false H4820 (מִרְמָה) — fraud
  • balance H3976 (מֹאזֵן) — (only in the dual) a pair of scales
  • not good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…

24 A man’s goings are of Jehovah; How then can man understand his way?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Man’s H1397 (גֶּבֶר) — properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply
  • goings H4703 (מִצְעָד) — a step; figuratively, companionship
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • how can a man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • then understand H995 (בִּין) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand
  • his own way H1870 (דֶּרֶךְ) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

25 It is a snare to a man rashly to say, It is holy, And after vows to make inquiry.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • a snare H4170 (מוֹקֵשׁ) — a noose (for catching animals) (literally or figuratively); by implication, a hook (for the nose)
  • to the man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • devoureth H3216 (יָלַע) — to blurt or utter inconsiderately
  • holy H6944 (קֹדֶשׁ) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
  • and after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • vows H5088 (נֶדֶר) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised
  • to make enquiry H1239 (בָּקַר) — properly, to plough, or (generally) break forth, i.e. (figuratively) to inspect, admire, care for, consider

26 A wise king winnoweth the wicked, And bringeth the threshing -wheel over them.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A wise H2450 (חָכָם) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
  • king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
  • scattereth H2219 (זָרָה) — to toss about; by implication, to diffuse, winnow
  • the wicked H7563 (רָשָׁע) — morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
  • and bringeth H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • the wheel H212 (אוֹפָן) — a wheel

27 The spirit of man is the lamp of Jehovah, Searching all his innermost parts.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The spirit H5397 (נְשָׁמָה) — a puff, i.e. wind, angry or vital breath, divine inspiration, intellect. or (concretely) an animal
  • of man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • the candle H5216 (נִיר) — a lamp (i.e. the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • searching H2664 (חָפַשׂ) — to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself (i.e. let be sought), or mask
  • all the inward parts H2315 (חֶדֶר) — an apartment (usually literal)
  • of the belly H990 (בֶּטֶן) — the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything

28 Kindness and truth preserve the king; And his throne is upholden by kindness.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Mercy H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
  • and truth H571 (אֶמֶת) — stability; (figuratively) certainty, truth, trustworthiness
  • preserve H5341 (נָצַר) — to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal, etc.)
  • the king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
  • and his throne H3678 (כִּסֵּא) — properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)
  • is upholden H5582 (סָעַד) — to support (mostly figurative)
  • by mercy H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty

29 The glory of young men is their strength; And the beauty of old men is the hoary head.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Leviticus 19:32 · Job 41:32 · Proverbs 16:31 · Jeremiah 9:23
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The glory H8597 (תִּפְאָרָה) — ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively)
  • of young men H970 (בָּחוּר) — properly, selected, i.e. a youth (often collective)
  • their strength H3581 (כֹּחַ) — vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce); also (from its hardiness) a large lizard
  • and the beauty H1926 (הָדָר) — magnificence, i.e. ornament or splendor
  • of old men H2205 (זָקֵן) — old
  • the gray head H7872 (שֵׂיבָה) — old age

30 Stripes that wound cleanse away evil; And strokes reach the innermost parts.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The blueness H2250 (חַבּוּרָה) — properly, bound (with stripes), i.e. a weal (or black-and-blue mark itself)
  • of a wound H6482 (פֶּצַע) — a wound
  • cleanseth H8562 (תַּמְרוּק) — properly, a scouring, i.e. soap or perfumery for the bath; figuratively, a detergent
  • away evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
  • stripes H4347 (מַכָּה) — a blow (in 2 Chronicles 2:10, of the flail); by implication, a wound; figuratively, carnage, also pestilence
  • the inward parts H2315 (חֶדֶר) — an apartment (usually literal)
  • of the belly H990 (בֶּטֶן) — the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything