1 When I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered, and the wickedness of Samaria; for they commit falsehood, and the thief entereth in, and the troop of robbers ravageth without.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- When I would have healed H7495 (רָפָא) — properly, to mend (by stitching), i.e. (figuratively) to cure
- Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- then the iniquity H5771 (עָוֺן) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
- of Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
- was discovered H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- and the wickedness H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- of Samaria H8111 (שֹׁמְרוֹן) — Shomeron, a place in Palestine
- for they commit H6466 (פָּעַל) — to do or make (systematically and habitually), especially to practise
- falsehood H8267 (שֶׁקֶר) — an untruth; by implication, a sham (often adverbial)
- and the thief H1590 (גַּנָּב) — a stealer
- cometh in H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- the troop H1416 (גְּדוּד) — a crowd (especially of soldiers)
- of robbers spoileth H6584 (פָּשַׁט) — to spread out (i.e. deploy in hostile array); by analogy, to strip (i.e. unclothe, plunder, flay, etc.)
- without H2351 (חוּץ) — properly, separate by a wall, i.e. outside, outdoors
2 And they consider not in their hearts that I remember all their wickedness: now have their own doings beset them about; they are before my face.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And they consider H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- not in their hearts H3824 (לֵבָב) — the heart (as the most interior organ);
- I remember H2142 (זָכַר) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
- all their wickedness H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- now their own doings H4611 (מַעֲלָל) — an act (good or bad)
- have beset them about H5437 (סָבַב) — to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
- they are before my face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
3 They make the king glad with their wickedness, and the princes with their lies.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- They make the king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
- glad H8055 (שָׂמַח) — probably to brighten up, i.e. (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome
- with their wickedness H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- and the princes H8269 (שַׂר) — a head person (of any rank or class)
- with their lies H3585 (כַּחַשׁ) — literally a failure of flesh, i.e. emaciation; figuratively, hypocrisy
4 They are all adulterers; they are as an oven heated by the baker; he ceaseth to stir the fire, from the kneading of the dough, until it be leavened.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- all adulterers H5003 (נָאַף) — to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
- as an oven H8574 (תַּנּוּר) — a fire-pot
- heated H1197 (בָּעַר) — to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by eating); to be (-come) brutish
- by the baker H644 (אָפָה) — to cook, especially to bake
- ceaseth H7673 (שָׁבַת) — to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative, figurative or specific)
- from raising H5782 (עוּר) — to wake (literally or figuratively)
- after he hath kneaded H3888 (לוּשׁ) — to knead
- the dough H1217 (בָּצֵק) — dough (as swelling by fermentation)
- until it be leavened H2556 (חָמֵץ) — to be pungent; i.e. in taste (sour, i.e. literally fermented, or figuratively, harsh), in color (dazzling)
5 On the day of our king the princes made themselves sick with the heat of wine; he stretched out his hand with scoffers.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- In the day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
- of our king H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
- the princes H8269 (שַׂר) — a head person (of any rank or class)
- sick H2470 (חָלָה) — properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick, afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to stroke (in flattering), entreat
- with the poison H2534 (חֵמָה) — heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)
- of wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
- he stretched out H4900 (מָשַׁךְ) — to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)
- his hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
- with scorners H3945 (לָצַץ) — to deride
6 For they have made ready their heart like an oven, while they lie in wait: their baker sleepeth all the night; in the morning it burneth as a flaming fire.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- For they have made ready H7126 (קָרַב) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
- their heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- like an oven H8574 (תַּנּוּר) — a fire-pot
- whiles they lie in wait H693 (אָרַב) — to lurk
- their baker H644 (אָפָה) — to cook, especially to bake
- sleepeth H3463 (יָשֵׁן) — sleepy
- all the night H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
- in the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
- it burneth H1197 (בָּעַר) — to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by eating); to be (-come) brutish
- as a flaming H3852 (לֶהָבָה)
- fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
7 They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their kings are fallen: there is none among them that calleth unto me.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- They are all hot H2552 (חָמַם) — to be hot (literally or figuratively)
- as an oven H8574 (תַּנּוּר) — a fire-pot
- and have devoured H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- their judges H8199 (שָׁפַט) — to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or figur…
- all their kings H4428 (מֶלֶךְ) — a king
- are fallen H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
- none among them that calleth H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
8 Ephraim, he mixeth himself among the peoples; Ephraim is a cake not turned.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
- he hath mixed H1101 (בָּלַל) — to overflow (specifically with oil.); by implication, to mix; to fodder
- himself among the people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- is a cake H5692 (עֻגָּה) — an ashcake (as round)
- not turned H2015 (הָפַךְ) — to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
9 Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth it not: yea, gray hairs are here and there upon him, and he knoweth it not.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Strangers H2114 (זוּר) — to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery
- have devoured H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- his strength H3581 (כֹּחַ) — vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce); also (from its hardiness) a large lizard
- and he knoweth H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- not: yea, gray hairs H7872 (שֵׂיבָה) — old age
- are here and there H2236 (זָרַק) — to sprinkle (fluid or solid particles)
- upon him, yet he knoweth H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
10 And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: yet they have not returned unto Jehovah their God, nor sought him, for all this.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And the pride H1347 (גָּאוֹן) — the same as 1346
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
- testifieth H6030 (עָנָה) — properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, a…
- to his face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
- and they do not return H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
- to Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- their God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
- nor seek H1245 (בָּקַשׁ) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
11 And Ephraim is like a silly dove, without understanding: they call unto Egypt, they go to Assyria.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
- also is like a silly H6601 (פָּתָה) — to open, i.e. be (causatively, make) roomy; usually figuratively (in a mental or moral sense) to be (causatively, make) simple or (in a sinister way) delude
- dove H3123 (יוֹנָה) — a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating)
- without heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- they call H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
- to Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
- they go H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
- to Assyria H804 (אַשּׁוּר) — Ashshur, the second son of Shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e. Assyria), its region and its empire
12 When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the birds of the heavens; I will chastise them, as their congregation hath heard.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- When they shall go H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
- I will spread H6566 (פָּרַשׂ) — to break apart, disperse, etc.
- my net H7568 (רֶשֶׁת) — a net (as catching animals)
- upon them; I will bring them down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
- as the fowls H5775 (עוֹף) — a bird (as covered with feathers, or rather as covering with wings), often collectively
- of the heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)
- I will chastise H3256 (יָסַר) — to chastise, literally (with blows) or figuratively (with words); hence, to instruct
- them, as their congregation H5712 (עֵדָה) — a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)
- hath heard H8088 (שֵׁמַע) — something heard, i.e. a sound, rumor, announcement; abstractly, audience
13 Woe unto them! for they have wandered from me; destruction unto them! for they have trespassed against me: though I would redeem them, yet they have spoken lies against me.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Woe H188 (אוֹי) — lamentation; also interjectionally Oh!
- unto them! for they have fled H5074 (נָדַד) — properly, to wave to and fro (rarely to flap up and down); figuratively, to rove, flee, or (causatively) to drive away
- from me: destruction H7701 (שֹׁד) — violence, ravage
- unto them! because they have transgressed H6586 (פָּשַׁע) — to break away (from just authority), i.e. trespass, apostatize, quarrel
- against me: though I have redeemed H6299 (פָּדָה) — to sever, i.e. ransom; generally to release, preserve
- them, yet they have spoken H1696 (דָבַר) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
- lies H3577 (כָּזָב) — falsehood; literally (untruth) or figuratively (idol)
14 And they have not cried unto me with their heart, but they howl upon their beds: they assemble themselves for grain and new wine; they rebel against me.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And they have not cried H2199 (זָעַק) — to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly
- unto me with their heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- when they howled H3213 (יָלַל) — to howl (with a wailing tone) or yell (with a boisterous one)
- upon their beds H4904 (מִשְׁכָּב) — a bed (figuratively, a bier); abstractly, sleep; by euphemism, carnal intercourse
- they assemble H1481 (גּוּר) — properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place); also to gat…
- themselves for grain H1715 (דָּגָן) — properly, increase, i.e. grain
- and wine H8492 (תִּירוֹשׁ) — must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out); by implication (rarely) fermented wine
- they rebel H5493 (סוּר) — to turn off (literally or figuratively)
15 Though I have taught and strengthened their arms, yet do they devise mischief against me.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Though I have bound H3256 (יָסַר) — to chastise, literally (with blows) or figuratively (with words); hence, to instruct
- strengthened H2388 (חָזַק) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restrain, conque…
- their arms H2220 (זְרוֹעַ) — the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force
- yet do they imagine H2803 (חָשַׁב) — properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e. (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a malicious sense); h…
- mischief H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
16 They return, but not to him that is on high; they are like a deceitful bow; their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue: this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- They return H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
- not to the most High H5920 (עַל) — properly, the top; specifically, the Highest (i.e. God); also (adverb) aloft, to Jehovah
- they are like a deceitful H7423 (רְמִיָּה) — remissness, treachery
- bow H7198 (קֶשֶׁת) — a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
- their princes H8269 (שַׂר) — a head person (of any rank or class)
- shall fall H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
- by the sword H2719 (חֶרֶב) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
- for the rage H2195 (זַעַם) — strictly froth at the mouth, i.e. (figuratively) fury (especially of God's displeasure with sin)
- of their tongue H3956 (לָשׁוֹן) — the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of…
- this H2097 (זוֹ) — this or that
- their derision H3933 (לַעַג) — derision, scoffing
- in the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- of Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt