Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Psalms

Psalms 78

1 Maschil of Asaph. Give ear, O my people, to my law: Incline your ears to the words of my mouth.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Maschil H4905 (מַשְׂכִּיל) — instructive, i.e. a didactic poem
  • of Asaph H623 (אָסָף) — Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first
  • Give ear H238 (אָזַן) — to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
  • O my people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • my law H8451 (תּוֹרָה) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
  • incline H5186 (נָטָה) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
  • your ears H241 (אֹזֶן) — broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
  • to the words H561 (אֵמֶר) — something said
  • of my mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…

2 I will open my mouth in a parable; I will utter dark sayings of old,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • I will open H6605 (פָּתַח) — to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
  • my mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • in a parable H4912 (מָשָׁל) — properly, a pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature; hence, a simile (as an adage, poem, discourse)
  • I will utter H5042 (נָבַע) — to gush forth; figuratively, to utter (good or bad words); specifically, to emit (a foul odor)
  • dark sayings H2420 (חִידָה) — a puzzle, hence, a trick, conundrum, sententious maxim
  • of old H6924 (קֶדֶם) — the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the East) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)

3 Which we have heard and known, And our fathers have told us.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Which we have heard H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • and known H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
  • and our fathers H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • have told H5608 (סָפַר) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e. celebrate

4 We will not hide them from their children, Telling to the generation to come the praises of Jehovah, And his strength, and his wondrous works that he hath done.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • We will not hide H3582 (כָּחַד) — to secrete, by act or word; hence (intensively) to destroy
  • from their children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • shewing H5608 (סָפַר) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e. celebrate
  • to the generation H1755 (דּוֹר) — properly, a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling
  • to come H314 (אַחֲרוֹן) — hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western
  • the praises H8416 (תְּהִלָּה) — laudation; specifically (concretely) a hymn
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • and his strength H5807 (עֱזוּז) — forcibleness
  • and his wonderful works H6381 (פָּלָא) — properly, perhaps to separate, i.e. distinguish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to be (causatively, make) great, difficult, wonderful
  • that he hath done H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

5 For he established a testimony in Jacob, And appointed a law in Israel, Which he commanded our fathers, That they should make them known to their children;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For he established H6965 (קוּם) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • a testimony H5715 (עֵדוּת) — testimony
  • in Jacob H3290 (יַעֲקֹב) — Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch
  • and appointed H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
  • a law H8451 (תּוֹרָה) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
  • in Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
  • which he commanded H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
  • our fathers H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • that they should make them known H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
  • to their children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…

6 That the generation to come might know them, even the children that should be born; Who should arise and tell them to their children,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • That the generation H1755 (דּוֹר) — properly, a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling
  • to come H314 (אַחֲרוֹן) — hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western
  • might know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
  • the children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • should be born H3205 (יָלַד) — to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
  • should arise H6965 (קוּם) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • and declare H5608 (סָפַר) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e. celebrate
  • to their children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…

7 That they might set their hope in God, And not forget the works of God, But keep his commandments,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • That they might set H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
  • their hope H3689 (כֶּסֶל) — properly, fatness, i.e. by implication (literally) the loin (as the seat of the leaf fat) or (generally) the viscera; also (figuratively) silliness or (in a goo…
  • in God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • and not forget H7911 (שָׁכַח) — to mislay, i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention
  • the works H4611 (מַעֲלָל) — an act (good or bad)
  • of God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • but keep H5341 (נָצַר) — to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal, etc.)
  • his commandments H4687 (מִצְוָה) — a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the Law)

8 And might not be as their fathers, A stubborn and rebellious generation, A generation that set not their heart aright, And whose spirit was not stedfast with God.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And might not be as their fathers H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • a stubborn H5637 (סָרַר) — to turn away, i.e. (morally) be refractory
  • and rebellious H4784 (מָרָה) — to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)
  • generation H1755 (דּוֹר) — properly, a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling
  • a generation H1755 (דּוֹר) — properly, a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling
  • set H3559 (כּוּן) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix, prepare, a…
  • not their heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • aright H3559 (כּוּן) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix, prepare, a…
  • and whose spirit H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
  • was not stedfast H539 (אָמַן) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanent or quiet…
  • with God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)

9 The children of Ephraim, being armed and carrying bows, Turned back in the day of battle.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The children H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • of Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
  • armed H5401 (נָשַׁק) — to kiss, literally or figuratively (touch); also (as a mode of attachment), to equip with weapons
  • carrying H7411 (רָמָה) — to hurl; specifically, to shoot; figuratively, to delude or betray (as if causing to fall)
  • bows H7198 (קֶשֶׁת) — a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
  • turned back H2015 (הָפַךְ) — to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
  • in the day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
  • of battle H7128 (קְרָב) — hostile encounter

10 They kept not the covenant of God, And refused to walk in his law;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • They kept H8104 (שָׁמַר) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.
  • not the covenant H1285 (בְּרִית) — a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
  • of God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • and refused H3985 (מָאֵן) — to refuse
  • to walk H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • in his law H8451 (תּוֹרָה) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch

11 And they forgat his doings, And his wondrous works that he had showed them.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And forgat H7911 (שָׁכַח) — to mislay, i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention
  • his works H5949 (עֲלִילָה) — an exploit (of God), or a performance (of man, often in a bad sense); by implication, an opportunity
  • and his wonders H6381 (פָּלָא) — properly, perhaps to separate, i.e. distinguish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to be (causatively, make) great, difficult, wonderful
  • that he had shewed H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

12 Marvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers, In the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Marvellous things H6382 (פֶּלֶא) — a miracle
  • did H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • he in the sight H5048 (נֶגֶד) — a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before
  • of their fathers H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • in the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • of Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
  • the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • of Zoan H6814 (צֹעַן) — Tsoän, a place in Egypt

13 He clave the sea, and caused them to pass through; And he made the waters to stand as a heap.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He divided H1234 (בָּקַע) — to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip or open
  • the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
  • and caused them to pass through H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • and he made the waters H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • to stand H5324 (נָצַב) — to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
  • as an heap H5067 (נֵד) — a mound, i.e. wave

14 In the day-time also he led them with a cloud, And all the night with a light of fire.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • In the daytime H3119 (יוֹמָם) — daily
  • also he led H5148 (נָחָה) — to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists)
  • them with a cloud H6051 (עָנָן) — a cloud (as covering the sky), i.e. the nimbus or thunder-cloud
  • and all the night H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
  • with a light H216 (אוֹר) — illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
  • of fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)

15 He clave rocks in the wilderness, And gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He clave H1234 (בָּקַע) — to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip or open
  • the rocks H6697 (צוּר) — properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
  • in the wilderness H4057 (מִדְבָּר) — a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)
  • drink H8248 (שָׁקָה) — to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to
  • the great H7227 (רַב) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
  • depths H8415 (תְּהוֹם) — an abyss (as a surging mass of water), especially the deep (the main sea or the subterranean watersupply)

16 He brought streams also out of the rock, And caused waters to run down like rivers.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He brought H3318 (יָצָא) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.
  • streams H5140 (נָזַל) — to drip, or shed by trickling
  • also out of the rock H5553 (סֶלַע) — a craggy rock, literally or figuratively (a fortress)
  • and caused waters H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • to run down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
  • like rivers H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity

17 Yet went they on still to sin against him, To rebel against the Most High in the desert.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And they sinned H2398 (חָטָא) — properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
  • yet more H3254 (יָסַף) — to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
  • against him by provoking H4784 (מָרָה) — to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)
  • the most High H5945 (עֶלְיוֹן) — an elevation, i.e. (adj.) lofty (compar.); as title, the Supreme
  • in the wilderness H6723 (צִיָּה) — aridity; concretely, a desert

18 And they tempted God in their heart By asking food according to their desire.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And they tempted H5254 (נָסָה) — to test; by implication, to attempt
  • God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • in their heart H3824 (לֵבָב) — the heart (as the most interior organ);
  • by asking H7592 (שָׁאַל) — to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
  • meat H400 (אֹכֶל) — food
  • for their lust H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)

19 Yea, they spake against God; They said, Can God prepare a table in the wilderness?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Yea, they spake H1696 (דָבַר) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
  • against God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • they said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • Can H3201 (יָכֹל) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
  • God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • furnish H6186 (עָרַךְ) — to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)
  • a table H7979 (שֻׁלְחָן) — a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal
  • in the wilderness H4057 (מִדְבָּר) — a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)

20 Behold, he smote the rock, so that waters gushed out, And streams overflowed; Can he give bread also? Will he provide flesh for his people?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Behold, he smote H5221 (נָכָה) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
  • the rock H6697 (צוּר) — properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
  • that the waters H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • gushed out H2100 (זוּב) — to flow freely (as water), i.e. (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to waste away; also to overflow
  • and the streams H5158 (נַחַל) — a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)
  • overflowed H7857 (שָׁטַף) — to gush; by implication, to inundate, cleanse; by analogy, to gallop, conquer
  • can H3201 (יָכֹל) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
  • he give H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • bread H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
  • also? can H3201 (יָכֹל) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
  • he provide H3559 (כּוּן) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix, prepare, a…
  • flesh H7607 (שְׁאֵר) — flesh (as swelling out), as living or for food; generally food of any kind; figuratively, kindred by blood
  • for his people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

21 Therefore Jehovah heard, and was wroth; And a fire was kindled against Jacob, And anger also went up against Israel;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Therefore Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • heard H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • and was wroth H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • so a fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
  • was kindled H5400 (נָשַׂק) — to catch fire
  • against Jacob H3290 (יַעֲקֹב) — Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch
  • and anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
  • also came up H5927 (עָלָה) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
  • against Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

22 Because they believed not in God, And trusted not in his salvation.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Because they believed H539 (אָמַן) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanent or quiet…
  • not in God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • and trusted H982 (בָּטַח) — properly, to hie for refuge (but not so precipitately as 2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure
  • not in his salvation H3444 (יְשׁוּעָה) — something saved, i.e. (abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory, prosperity

23 Yet he commanded the skies above, And opened the doors of heaven;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Though he had commanded H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
  • the clouds H7834 (שַׁחַק) — a powder (as beaten small); by analogy, a thin vapor; by extension, the firmament
  • from above H4605 (מַעַל) — properly,the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc.
  • and opened H6605 (פָּתַח) — to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
  • the doors H1817 (דֶּלֶת) — something swinging, i.e. the valve of a door
  • of heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)

24 And he rained down manna upon them to eat, And gave them food from heaven.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And had rained down H4305 (מָטַר) — to rain
  • manna H4478 (מָן) — literally a whatness (so to speak), i.e. manna (so called from the question about it)
  • upon them to eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • and had given H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • them of the grain H1715 (דָּגָן) — properly, increase, i.e. grain
  • of heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)

25 Man did eat the bread of the mighty: He sent them food to the full.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • did eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • angels’ H47 (אַבִּיר)
  • food H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
  • he sent H7971 (שָׁלַח) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • them meat H6720 (צֵידָה) — food
  • to the full H7648 (שֹׂבַע) — satisfaction (of food or [figuratively] joy)

26 He caused the east wind to blow in the heavens; And by his power he guided the south wind.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He caused an east wind H6921 (קָדִים) — the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the East (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)
  • to blow H5265 (נָסַע) — properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e. start on a journey
  • in the heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)
  • and by his power H5797 (עֹז) — strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
  • he brought in H5090 (נָהַג) — to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by…
  • the south wind H8486 (תֵּימָן) — the south (as being on the right hand of a person facing the east)

27 He rained flesh also upon them as the dust, And winged birds as the sand of the seas:

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 16:12 · Numbers 11:18 · Numbers 11:31 · Numbers 11:32
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He rained H4305 (מָטַר) — to rain
  • flesh H7607 (שְׁאֵר) — flesh (as swelling out), as living or for food; generally food of any kind; figuratively, kindred by blood
  • also upon them as dust H6083 (עָפָר) — dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud
  • and feathered H3671 (כָּנָף) — an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
  • fowls H5775 (עוֹף) — a bird (as covered with feathers, or rather as covering with wings), often collectively
  • like as the sand H2344 (חוֹל) — sand (as round or whirling particles)
  • of the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…

28 And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, Round about their habitations.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 16:13
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • fall H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
  • in the midst H7130 (קֶרֶב) — properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
  • of their camp H4264 (מַחֲנֶה) — an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or even the sa…
  • round about H5439 (סָבִיב) — (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around
  • their habitations H4908 (מִשְׁכָּן) — a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the Temple); specifically, the Tabernacle (properly, its wooden wall…

29 So they did eat, and were well filled; And he gave them their own desire.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Numbers 11:19 · Psalms 106:15
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So they did eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • and were well H3966 (מְאֹד) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlativ…
  • filled H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
  • for he gave H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • them their own desire H8378 (תַּאֲוָה) — a longing; by implication, a delight (subjectively, satisfaction, objectively, a charm)

30 They were not estranged from that which they desired, Their food was yet in their mouths,

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Numbers 11:33 · Numbers 22:20 · Proverbs 1:32 · Luke 16:19
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • They were not estranged H2114 (זוּר) — to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery
  • from their lust H8378 (תַּאֲוָה) — a longing; by implication, a delight (subjectively, satisfaction, objectively, a charm)
  • But while their meat H400 (אֹכֶל) — food
  • yet in their mouths H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…

31 When the anger of God went up against them, And slew of the fattest of them, And smote down the young men of Israel.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Numbers 11:33 · Isaiah 10:16
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The wrath H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
  • of God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • came H5927 (עָלָה) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
  • upon them, and slew H2026 (הָרַג) — to smite with deadly intent
  • the fattest H4924 (מַשְׁמָן) — fat, i.e. (literally and abstractly) fatness; but usually (figuratively and concretely) a rich dish, a fertile field, a robust man
  • of them, and smote down H3766 (כָּרַע) — to bend the knee; by implication, to sink, to prostrate
  • the chosen H970 (בָּחוּר) — properly, selected, i.e. a youth (often collective)
  • of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

32 For all this they sinned still, And believed not in his wondrous works.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For all this they sinned H2398 (חָטָא) — properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
  • still, and believed H539 (אָמַן) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanent or quiet…
  • not for his wondrous works H6381 (פָּלָא) — properly, perhaps to separate, i.e. distinguish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to be (causatively, make) great, difficult, wonderful

33 Therefore their days did he consume in vanity, And their years in terror.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Therefore their days H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
  • did he consume H3615 (כָּלָה) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
  • in vanity H1892 (הֶבֶל) — emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb
  • and their years H8141 (שָׁנֶה) — a year (as a revolution of time)
  • in trouble H928 (בֶּהָלָה) — panic, destruction

34 When he slew them, then they inquired after him; And they returned and sought God earnestly.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • When he slew H2026 (הָרַג) — to smite with deadly intent
  • them, then they sought H1875 (דָּרַשׁ) — properly, to tread or frequent; usually to follow (for pursuit or search); by implication, to seek or ask; specifically to worship
  • him: and they returned H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • and enquired early H7836 (שָׁחַר) — properly, to dawn, i.e. (figuratively) be (up) early at any task (with the implication of earnestness); by extension, to search for (with painstaking)
  • after God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)

35 And they remembered that God was their rock, And the Most High God their redeemer.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And they remembered H2142 (זָכַר) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
  • that God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • their rock H6697 (צוּר) — properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
  • and the high H5945 (עֶלְיוֹן) — an elevation, i.e. (adj.) lofty (compar.); as title, the Supreme
  • God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • their redeemer H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)

36 But they flattered him with their mouth, And lied unto him with their tongue.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Nevertheless they did flatter H6601 (פָּתָה) — to open, i.e. be (causatively, make) roomy; usually figuratively (in a mental or moral sense) to be (causatively, make) simple or (in a sinister way) delude
  • him with their mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • and they lied H3576 (כָּזַב) — to lie (i.e. deceive), literally or figuratively
  • unto him with their tongues H3956 (לָשׁוֹן) — the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of…

37 For their heart was not right with him, Neither were they faithful in his covenant.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For their heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • was not right H3559 (כּוּן) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix, prepare, a…
  • with him, neither were they stedfast H539 (אָמַן) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanent or quiet…
  • in his covenant H1285 (בְּרִית) — a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

38 But he, being merciful, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: Yea, many a time turned he his anger away, And did not stir up all his wrath.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • full of compassion H7349 (רַחוּם) — compassionate
  • forgave H3722 (כָּפַר) — to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel
  • iniquity H5771 (עָוֺן) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
  • and destroyed H7843 (שָׁחַת) — to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)
  • not: yea, many a time H7235 (רָבָה) — to increase (in whatever respect)
  • turned H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • he his anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
  • away H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • and did not stir up H5782 (עוּר) — to wake (literally or figuratively)
  • all his wrath H2534 (חֵמָה) — heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)

39 And he remembered that they were but flesh, A wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Genesis 6:3 · Job 7:7 · Job 7:16 · Job 10:9 · Psalms 103:14
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For he remembered H2142 (זָכַר) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
  • flesh H1320 (בָּשָׂר) — flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
  • a wind H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
  • that passeth away H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
  • and cometh not again H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…

40 How oft did they rebel against him in the wilderness, And grieve him in the desert!

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • How H4100 (מָה) — properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even rela…
  • oft did they provoke H4784 (מָרָה) — to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)
  • him in the wilderness H4057 (מִדְבָּר) — a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)
  • grieve H6087 (עָצַב) — properly, to carve, i.e. fabricate or fashion; hence (in a bad sense) to worry, pain or anger
  • him in the desert H3452 (יְשִׁימוֹן) — a desolation

41 And they turned again and tempted God, And provoked the Holy One of Israel.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Yea, they turned back H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • and tempted H5254 (נָסָה) — to test; by implication, to attempt
  • God H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • and limited H8428 (תָּוָה) — to grieve
  • the Holy One H6918 (קָדוֹשׁ) — sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
  • of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

42 They remembered not his hand, Nor the day when he redeemed them from the adversary;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • They remembered H2142 (זָכַר) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
  • not his hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
  • the day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
  • when he delivered H6299 (פָּדָה) — to sever, i.e. ransom; generally to release, preserve
  • them from the enemy H6862 (צַר) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in 6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding)

43 How he set his signs in Egypt, And his wonders in the field of Zoan,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • How he had wrought H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
  • his signs H226 (אוֹת) — a signal (literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.
  • in Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
  • and his wonders H4159 (מוֹפֵת) — a miracle; by implication, a token or omen
  • in the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • of Zoan H6814 (צֹעַן) — Tsoän, a place in Egypt

44 And turned their rivers into blood, And their streams, so that they could not drink.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 7:17 · Exodus 7:20 · Psalms 105:29 · Revelation 16:3
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And had turned H2015 (הָפַךְ) — to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
  • their rivers H2975 (יְאֹר) — a channel, e.g. a fosse, canal, shaft; specifically the Nile, as the one river of Egypt, including its collateral trenches; also the Tigris, as the main river o…
  • into blood H1818 (דָּם) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. dr…
  • and their floods H5140 (נָזַל) — to drip, or shed by trickling
  • that they could not drink H8354 (שָׁתָה) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

45 He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them; And frogs, which destroyed them.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He sent H7971 (שָׁלַח) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • divers sorts of flies H6157 (עָרֹב) — a mosquito (from its swarming)
  • among them, which devoured H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • them; and frogs H6854 (צְפַרְדֵּעַ) — a marsh-leaper, i.e. frog
  • which destroyed H7843 (שָׁחַת) — to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)

46 He gave also their increase unto the caterpillar, And their labor unto the locust.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He gave H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • also their increase H2981 (יְבוּל) — produce, i.e. a crop or (figuratively) wealth
  • unto the caterpiller H2625 (חָסִיל) — the ravager, i.e. a locust
  • and their labour H3018 (יְגִיעַ) — toil; hence, a work, produce, property (as the result of labor)
  • unto the locust H697 (אַרְבֶּה) — a locust (from its rapid increase)

47 He destroyed their vines with hail, And their sycomore-trees with frost.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 9:18 · Exodus 9:25 · Psalms 105:32 · Psalms 147:17
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He destroyed H2026 (הָרַג) — to smite with deadly intent
  • their vines H1612 (גֶּפֶן) — a vine (as twining), especially the grape
  • with hail H1259 (בָּרָד) — hail
  • and their sycomore trees H8256 (שִׁקְמָה) — a sycamore (usually the tree)
  • with frost H2602 (חֲנָמָל) — perhaps the aphis or plantlouse

48 He gave over their cattle also to the hail, And their flocks to hot thunderbolts.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 9:19 · Exodus 9:25 · Exodus 9:28
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He gave up H5462 (סָגַר) — to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
  • their cattle H1165 (בְּעִיר) — cattle
  • also to the hail H1259 (בָּרָד) — hail
  • and their flocks H4735 (מִקְנֶה) — something bought, i.e. property, but only live stock; abstractly, acquisition
  • to hot thunderbolts H7565 (רֶשֶׁף) — a live coal; by analogy lightning; figuratively, an arrow, (as flashing through the air); specifically, fever

49 He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, Wrath, and indignation, and trouble, A band of angels of evil.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He cast H7971 (שָׁלַח) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • upon them the fierceness H2740 (חָרוֹן) — a burning of anger
  • of his anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
  • wrath H5678 (עֶבְרָה) — an outburst of passion
  • and indignation H2195 (זַעַם) — strictly froth at the mouth, i.e. (figuratively) fury (especially of God's displeasure with sin)
  • and trouble H6869 (צָרָה) — tightness (i.e. figuratively, trouble); transitively, a female rival
  • by sending H4917 (מִשְׁלַחַת) — a mission, i.e. (abstractly and favorable) release, or (concretely and unfavorable) an army
  • evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
  • angels H4397 (מַלְאָךְ) — a messenger; specifically, of God, i.e. an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

50 He made a path for his anger; He spared not their soul from death, But gave their life over to the pestilence,

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 9:3 · Exodus 9:6 · Job 27:22 · Romans 8:32 · 2 Peter 2:4
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He made H6424 (פָּלַס) — properly, to roll flat, i.e. prepare (a road); also to revolve, i.e. weigh (mentally)
  • a way H5410 (נָתִיב) — a (beaten) track
  • to his anger H639 (אַף) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
  • he spared H2820 (חָשַׂךְ) — to restrain or (reflex.) refrain; by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve; to observe
  • not their soul H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
  • from death H4194 (מָוֶת) — death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
  • but gave H5462 (סָגַר) — to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
  • their life H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
  • over H5462 (סָגַר) — to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
  • to the pestilence H1698 (דֶּבֶר) — a pestilence

51 And smote all the first-born in Egypt, The chief of their strength in the tents of Ham.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And smote H5221 (נָכָה) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
  • all the firstborn H1060 (בְּכוֹר) — first-born; hence, chief
  • in Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
  • the chief H7225 (רֵאשִׁית) — the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)
  • strength H202 (אוֹן) — ability, power, (figuratively) wealth
  • in the tabernacles H168 (אֹהֶל) — a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
  • of Ham H2526 (חָם) — Cham, a son of Noah; also (as a patronymic) his descendants or their country

52 But he led forth his own people like sheep, And guided them in the wilderness like a flock.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • But made his own people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • to go forth H5265 (נָסַע) — properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e. start on a journey
  • like sheep H6629 (צֹאן) — a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
  • and guided H5090 (נָהַג) — to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by…
  • them in the wilderness H4057 (מִדְבָּר) — a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)
  • like a flock H5739 (עֵדֶר) — an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals)

53 And he led them safely, so that they feared not; But the sea overwhelmed their enemies.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And he led H5148 (נָחָה) — to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists)
  • them on safely H983 (בֶּטַח) — properly, a place of refuge; abstract, safety, both the fact (security) and the feeling (trust); often (adverb with or without preposition) safely
  • so that they feared H6342 (פָּחַד) — to be startled (by a sudden alarm); hence, to fear in general
  • not: but the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
  • overwhelmed H3680 (כָּסָה) — properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)
  • their enemies H341 (אֹיֵב) — hating; an adversary

54 And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, To this mountain, which his right hand had gotten.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And he brought H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • them to the border H1366 (גְּבוּל) — properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed
  • of his sanctuary H6944 (קֹדֶשׁ) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
  • this mountain H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • his right hand H3225 (יָמִין) — the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
  • had purchased H7069 (קָנָה) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own

55 He drove out the nations also before them, And allotted them for an inheritance by line, And made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He cast out H1644 (גָּרַשׁ) — to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce
  • the heathen H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
  • also before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • them, and divided H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
  • them an inheritance H5159 (נַחֲלָה) — properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion
  • by line H2256 (חֶבֶל) — a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as…
  • and made the tribes H7626 (שֵׁבֶט) — a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
  • of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
  • to dwell H7931 (שָׁכַן) — to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
  • in their tents H168 (אֹהֶל) — a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)

56 Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God, And kept not his testimonies;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Yet they tempted H5254 (נָסָה) — to test; by implication, to attempt
  • and provoked H4784 (מָרָה) — to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)
  • the most high H5945 (עֶלְיוֹן) — an elevation, i.e. (adj.) lofty (compar.); as title, the Supreme
  • God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • and kept H8104 (שָׁמַר) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.
  • not his testimonies H5713 (עֵדָה) — testimony

57 But turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers: They were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • But turned back H5472 (סוּג) — properly, to flinch, i.e. (by implication) to go back, literally (to retreat) or figuratively (to apostatize)
  • and dealt unfaithfully H898 (בָּגַד) — to cover (with a garment); figuratively, to act covertly; by implication, to pillage
  • like their fathers H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • they were turned aside H2015 (הָפַךְ) — to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
  • like a deceitful H7423 (רְמִיָּה) — remissness, treachery
  • bow H7198 (קֶשֶׁת) — a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris

58 For they provoked him to anger with their high places, And moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For they provoked him to anger H3707 (כַּעַס) — to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant
  • with their high places H1116 (בָּמָה) — an elevation
  • and moved him to jealousy H7065 (קָנָא) — to be (causatively, make) zealous, i.e. (in a bad sense) jealous or envious
  • with their graven images H6456 (פְּסִיל) — an idol

59 When God heard this, he was wroth, And greatly abhorred Israel;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • When God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • heard H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • he was wroth H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • and greatly H3966 (מְאֹד) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlativ…
  • abhorred H3988 (מָאַס) — to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
  • Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

60 So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, The tent which he placed among men;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So that he forsook H5203 (נָטַשׁ) — properly, to pound, i.e. smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusively, reject,…
  • the tabernacle H4908 (מִשְׁכָּן) — a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the Temple); specifically, the Tabernacle (properly, its wooden wall…
  • of Shiloh H7887 (שִׁילֹה) — Shiloh, a place in Palestine
  • the tent H168 (אֹהֶל) — a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
  • he placed H7931 (שָׁכַן) — to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
  • among men H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

61 And delivered his strength into captivity, And his glory into the adversary’s hand.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And delivered H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • his strength H5797 (עֹז) — strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
  • into captivity H7628 (שְׁבִי) — exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
  • and his glory H8597 (תִּפְאָרָה) — ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively)
  • into the enemy’s H6862 (צַר) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in 6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding)
  • hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…

62 He gave his people over also unto the sword, And was wroth with his inheritance.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He gave H5462 (סָגַר) — to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
  • his people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • over H5462 (סָגַר) — to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
  • also unto the sword H2719 (חֶרֶב) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
  • and was wroth H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • with his inheritance H5159 (נַחֲלָה) — properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

63 Fire devoured their young men; And their virgins had no marriage-song.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
  • consumed H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • their young men H970 (בָּחוּר) — properly, selected, i.e. a youth (often collective)
  • and their maidens H1330 (בְּתוּלָה) — a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state
  • were not given to marriage H1984 (הָלַל) — to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to ce…

64 Their priests fell by the sword; And their widows made no lamentation.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Their priests H3548 (כֹּהֵן) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
  • fell H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
  • by the sword H2719 (חֶרֶב) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
  • and their widows H490 (אַלְמָנָה) — a widow; also a desolate place
  • made no lamentation H1058 (בָּכָה) — to weep; generally to bemoan

65 Then the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, Like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Then the Lord H136 (אֲדֹנָי) — the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)
  • awaked H3364 (יָקַץ) — to awake (intransitive)
  • as one out of sleep H3463 (יָשֵׁן) — sleepy
  • like a mighty man H1368 (גִּבּוֹר) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
  • that shouteth H7442 (רָנַן) — properly, to creak (or emit a stridulous sound), i.e. to shout (usually for joy)
  • by reason of wine H3196 (יַיִן) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

66 And he smote his adversaries backward: He put them to a perpetual reproach.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): 1 Samuel 5:6 · 1 Samuel 6:4 · 1 Samuel 7:10 · Job 40:12 · Jeremiah 23:40
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And he smote H5221 (נָכָה) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
  • his enemies H6862 (צַר) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in 6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding)
  • in the hinder parts H268 (אָחוֹר) — the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West
  • he put H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • them to a perpetual H5769 (עוֹלָם) — properly, concealed, i.e. the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial (especially…
  • reproach H2781 (חֶרְפָּה) — contumely, disgrace, the pudenda

67 Moreover he refused the tent of Joseph, And chose not the tribe of Ephraim,

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): 1 Samuel 6:21 · 2 Samuel 6:2 · 2 Samuel 6:17
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Moreover he refused H3988 (מָאַס) — to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
  • the tabernacle H168 (אֹהֶל) — a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
  • of Joseph H3130 (יוֹסֵף) — Joseph, the name of seven Israelites
  • and chose H977 (בָּחַר) — properly, to try, i.e. (by implication) select
  • not the tribe H7626 (שֵׁבֶט) — a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
  • of Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

68 But chose the tribe of Judah, The mount Zion which he loved.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • But chose H977 (בָּחַר) — properly, to try, i.e. (by implication) select
  • the tribe H7626 (שֵׁבֶט) — a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
  • of Judah H3063 (יְהוּדָה) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
  • the mount H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • Zion H6726 (צִיּוֹן) — Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem
  • which he loved H157 (אָהַב) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

69 And he built his sanctuary like the heights, Like the earth which he hath established for ever.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And he built H1129 (בָּנָה) — to build (literally and figuratively)
  • his sanctuary H4720 (מִקְדָּשׁ) — a consecrated thing or place, especially, a palace, sanctuary (whether of Jehovah or of idols) or asylum
  • like high H7311 (רוּם) — to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively)
  • like the earth H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • which he hath established H3245 (יָסַד) — to set (literally or figuratively); intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down together, i.e. settle, consult
  • for ever H5769 (עוֹלָם) — properly, concealed, i.e. the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial (especially…

70 He chose David also his servant, And took him from the sheepfolds:

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He chose H977 (בָּחַר) — properly, to try, i.e. (by implication) select
  • David H1732 (דָּוִד) — David, the youngest son of Jesse
  • also his servant H5650 (עֶבֶד) — a servant
  • and took H3947 (לָקַח) — to take (in the widest variety of applications)
  • him from the sheepfolds H6629 (צֹאן) — a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
  • him from the sheepfolds H4356 (מִכְלָאָה) — a pen (for flocks)

71 From following the ewes that have their young he brought him, To be the shepherd of Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • From following H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • the ewes great with young H5763 (עוּל) — to suckle, i.e. give milk
  • he brought H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • him to feed H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
  • Jacob H3290 (יַעֲקֹב) — Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch
  • his people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • and Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
  • his inheritance H5159 (נַחֲלָה) — properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

72 So he was their shepherd according to the integrity of his heart, And guided them by the skilfulness of his hands.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So he fed H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
  • them according to the integrity H8537 (תֹּם) — completeness; figuratively, prosperity; usually (morally) innocence
  • of his heart H3824 (לֵבָב) — the heart (as the most interior organ);
  • and guided H5148 (נָחָה) — to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists)
  • them by the skilfulness H8394 (תָּבוּן) — intelligence; by implication, an argument; by extension, caprice
  • of his hands H3709 (כַּף) — the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-tree); fig…