Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Proverbs

Proverbs 18

1 He that separateth himself seeketh his own desire, And rageth against all sound wisdom.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Through desire H8378 (תַּאֲוָה) — a longing; by implication, a delight (subjectively, satisfaction, objectively, a charm)
  • a man, having separated H6504 (פָּרַד) — to break through, i.e. spread or separate (oneself)
  • himself, seeketh H1245 (בָּקַשׁ) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
  • intermeddleth H1566 (גָּלַע) — to be obstinate
  • with all wisdom H8454 (תּוּשִׁיָּה) — support or (by implication) ability, i.e. (direct) help, (in purpose) an undertaking, (intellectual) understanding

2 A fool hath no delight in understanding, But only that his heart may reveal itself.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A fool H3684 (כְּסִיל) — properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly
  • hath no delight H2654 (חָפֵץ) — properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
  • in understanding H8394 (תָּבוּן) — intelligence; by implication, an argument; by extension, caprice
  • but that his heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • may discover H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal

3 When the wicked cometh, there cometh also contempt, And with ignominy cometh reproach.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • When the wicked H7563 (רָשָׁע) — morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
  • cometh H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • also contempt H937 (בּוּז) — disrespect
  • and with ignominy H7036 (קָלוֹן) — disgrace; (by implication) the pudenda
  • reproach H2781 (חֶרְפָּה) — contumely, disgrace, the pudenda

4 The words of a man’s mouth are as deep waters; The wellspring of wisdom is as a flowing brook.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The words H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
  • of a man’s H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • deep H6013 (עָמֹק) — deep (literally or figuratively)
  • waters H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • the wellspring H4726 (מָקוֹר) — properly, something dug, i.e. a (general) source (of water, even when naturally flowing; also of tears, blood (by euphemism, of the female pudenda); figurativel…
  • of wisdom H2451 (חׇכְמָה) — wisdom (in a good sense)
  • a flowing H5042 (נָבַע) — to gush forth; figuratively, to utter (good or bad words); specifically, to emit (a foul odor)
  • brook H5158 (נַחַל) — a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

5 To respect the person of the wicked is not good, Nor to turn aside the righteous in judgment.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • not good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
  • to accept H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
  • the person H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • of the wicked H7563 (רָשָׁע) — morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
  • to overthrow H5186 (נָטָה) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
  • the righteous H6662 (צַדִּיק) — just
  • in judgment H4941 (מִשְׁפָּט) — properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or…

6 A fool’s lips enter into contention, And his mouth calleth for stripes.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A fool’s H3684 (כְּסִיל) — properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly
  • lips H8193 (שָׂפָה) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
  • enter H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • into contention H7379 (רִיב) — a contest (personal or legal)
  • and his mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • calleth H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
  • for strokes H4112 (מַהֲלֻמָּה) — a blow

7 A fool’s mouth is his destruction, And his lips are the snare of his soul.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A fool’s H3684 (כְּסִיל) — properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly
  • mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • his destruction H4288 (מְחִתָּה) — properly, a dissolution; concretely, a ruin, or (abstractly) consternation
  • and his lips H8193 (שָׂפָה) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
  • the snare H4170 (מוֹקֵשׁ) — a noose (for catching animals) (literally or figuratively); by implication, a hook (for the nose)
  • of his soul H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)

8 The words of a whisperer are as dainty morsels, And they go down into the innermost parts.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The words H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
  • of a talebearer H5372 (נִרְגָּן) — a slanderer
  • as wounds H3859 (לָהַם) — properly, to burn in, i.e. (figuratively) to rankle
  • and they go down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
  • into the innermost parts H2315 (חֶדֶר) — an apartment (usually literal)
  • of the belly H990 (בֶּטֶן) — the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything

9 He also that is slack in his work Is brother to him that is a destroyer.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He also that is slothful H7503 (רָפָה) — to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
  • in his work H4399 (מְלָאכָה) — properly, deputyship, i.e. ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
  • is brother H251 (אָח) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like 1])
  • to him that is a great H1167 (בַּעַל) — a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)
  • waster H7843 (שָׁחַת) — to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)

10 The name of Jehovah is a strong tower; The righteous runneth into it, and is safe.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • a strong H5797 (עֹז) — strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
  • tower H4026 (מִגְדָּל) — a tower (from its size or height); by analogy, a rostrum; figuratively, a (pyramidal) bed of flowers
  • the righteous H6662 (צַדִּיק) — just
  • runneth H7323 (רוּץ) — to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush)
  • into it, and is safe H7682 (שָׂגַב) — to be (causatively, make) lofty, especially inaccessible; by implication, safe, strong; used literally and figuratively

11 The rich man’s wealth is his strong city, And as a high wall in his own imagination.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The rich man’s H6223 (עָשִׁיר) — rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)
  • wealth H1952 (הוֹן) — wealth; by implication, enough
  • his strong H5797 (עֹז) — strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
  • city H7151 (קִרְיָה) — a city
  • and as an high H7682 (שָׂגַב) — to be (causatively, make) lofty, especially inaccessible; by implication, safe, strong; used literally and figuratively
  • wall H2346 (חוֹמָה) — a wall of protection
  • in his own conceit H4906 (מַשְׂכִּית) — a figure (carved on stone, the wall, or any object); figuratively, imagination

12 Before destruction the heart of man is haughty; And before honor goeth humility.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • destruction H7667 (שֶׁבֶר) — a fracture, figuratively, ruin; specifically, a solution (of a dream)
  • the heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • of man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • is haughty H1361 (גָּבַהּ) — to soar, i.e. be lofty; figuratively, to be haughty
  • and before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • honour H3519 (כָּבוֹד) — properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
  • humility H6038 (עֲנָוָה) — condescension, human and subjective (modesty), or divine and objective (clemency)

13 He that giveth answer before he heareth, It is folly and shame unto him.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • He that answereth H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • a matter H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
  • before he heareth H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • folly H200 (אִוֶּלֶת) — silliness
  • and shame H3639 (כְּלִמָּה) — disgrace

14 The spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity; But a broken spirit who can bear?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The spirit H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
  • of a man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • will sustain H3557 (כּוּל) — properly, to keep in; hence, to measure; figuratively, to maintain (in various senses)
  • his infirmity H4245 (מַחֲלֶה) — sickness
  • but a wounded H5218 (נָכֵא) — smitten, i.e. (figuratively) afflicted
  • spirit H7307 (רוּחַ) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by re…
  • who can bear H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

15 The heart of the prudent getteth knowledge; And the ear of the wise seeketh knowledge.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • of the prudent H995 (בִּין) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand
  • getteth H7069 (קָנָה) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own
  • knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
  • and the ear H241 (אֹזֶן) — broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
  • of the wise H2450 (חָכָם) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
  • seeketh H1245 (בָּקַשׁ) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after

16 A man’s gift maketh room for him, And bringeth him before great men.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A man’s H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • gift H4976 (מַתָּן) — a present
  • maketh room H7337 (רָחַב) — to broaden (intransitive or transitive, literal or figurative)
  • for him, and bringeth H5148 (נָחָה) — to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists)
  • him before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • great men H1419 (גָּדוֹל) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

17 He that pleadeth his cause first seemeth just; But his neighbor cometh and searcheth him out.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • first H7223 (רִאשׁוֹן) — first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
  • in his own cause H7379 (רִיב) — a contest (personal or legal)
  • just H6662 (צַדִּיק) — just
  • but his neighbour H7453 (רֵעַ) — an associate (more or less close)
  • cometh H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • and searcheth H2713 (חָקַר) — properly, to penetrate; hence, to examine intimately

18 The lot causeth contentions to cease, And parteth between the mighty.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The lot H1486 (גּוֹרָל) — properly, a pebble, i.e. a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
  • causeth contentions H4079 (מִדְיָן)
  • to cease H7673 (שָׁבַת) — to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative, figurative or specific)
  • and parteth H6504 (פָּרַד) — to break through, i.e. spread or separate (oneself)
  • between the mighty H6099 (עָצוּם) — powerful (specifically, a paw); by implication, numerous

19 A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city; And such contentions are like the bars of a castle.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A brother H251 (אָח) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like 1])
  • offended H6586 (פָּשַׁע) — to break away (from just authority), i.e. trespass, apostatize, quarrel
  • than a strong H5797 (עֹז) — strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
  • city H7151 (קִרְיָה) — a city
  • contentions H4066 (מָדוֹן) — a contest or quarrel
  • contentions H4079 (מִדְיָן)
  • like the bars H1280 (בְּרִיחַ) — a bolt
  • of a castle H759 (אַרְמוֹן) — a citadel (from its height)

20 A man’s belly shall be filled with the fruit of his mouth; With the increase of his lips shall he be satisfied.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A man’s H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • belly H990 (בֶּטֶן) — the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything
  • shall be satisfied H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
  • with the fruit H6529 (פְּרִי) — fruit (literally or figuratively)
  • of his mouth H6310 (פֶּה) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) acc…
  • with the increase H8393 (תְּבוּאָה) — income, i.e. produce (literally or figuratively)
  • of his lips H8193 (שָׂפָה) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
  • shall he be filled H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)

21 Death and life are in the power of the tongue; And they that love it shall eat the fruit thereof.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Death H4194 (מָוֶת) — death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
  • and life H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
  • in the power H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
  • of the tongue H3956 (לָשׁוֹן) — the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of…
  • and they that love H157 (אָהַב) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
  • it shall eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • the fruit H6529 (פְּרִי) — fruit (literally or figuratively)

22 Whoso findeth a wife findeth a good thing, And obtaineth favor of Jehovah.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • findeth H4672 (מָצָא) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
  • a wife H802 (אִשָּׁה) — a woman
  • a good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
  • and obtaineth H6329 (פּוּק) — to issue, i.e. furnish; causatively, to secure; figuratively, to succeed
  • favour H7522 (רָצוֹן) — delight (especially as shown)
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God

23 The poor useth entreaties; But the rich answereth roughly.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The poor H7326 (רוּשׁ) — to be destitute
  • useth H1696 (דָבַר) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
  • intreaties H8469 (תַּחֲנוּן) — earnest prayer
  • but the rich H6223 (עָשִׁיר) — rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)
  • answereth H6030 (עָנָה) — properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, a…
  • roughly H5794 (עַז) — strong, vehement, harsh

24 He that maketh many friends doeth it to his own destruction; But there is a friend that sticketh closer than a brother.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • A man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • friends H7453 (רֵעַ) — an associate (more or less close)
  • must shew himself friendly H7489 (רָעַע) — properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally)
  • and there is H3426 (יֵשׁ) — there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
  • a friend H157 (אָהַב) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
  • sticketh closer H1695 (דָּבֵק) — adhering
  • than a brother H251 (אָח) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like 1])