Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Ruth

Ruth 2

1 And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband’s, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech, and his name was Boaz.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
  • had a kinsman H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
  • had a kinsman H4129 (מוֹדַע) — an acquaintance
  • of her husband’s H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • a mighty H1368 (גִּבּוֹר) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
  • man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • of wealth H2428 (חַיִל) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
  • of the family H4940 (מִשְׁפָּחָה) — a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people
  • of Elimelech H458 (אֱלִימֶלֶךְ) — Elimelek, an Israelite
  • and his name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
  • Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple

2 And Ruth the Moabitess said unto Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and glean among the ears of grain after him in whose sight I shall find favor. And she said unto her, Go, my daughter.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Ruth H7327 (רוּת) — Ruth, a Moabitess
  • the Moabitess H4125 (מוֹאָבִי) — a Moabite or Moabitess, i.e. a descendant from Moab
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
  • Let me now go H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • to the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • and glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • heads of grain H7641 (שִׁבֹּל) — a stream (as flowing); also an ear of grain (as growing out); by analogy, a branch
  • after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • in whose sight H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • I shall find H4672 (מָצָא) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
  • grace H2580 (חֵן) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)
  • And she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto her, Go H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

3 And she went, and came and gleaned in the field after the reapers: and her hap was to light on the portion of the field belonging unto Boaz, who was of the family of Elimelech.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And she went H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • and came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • and gleaned H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • in the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • and her hap H4745 (מִקְרֶה) — something met with, i.e. an accident or fortune
  • was to light H7136 (קָרָה) — to light upon (chiefly by accident); causatively, to bring about; specifically, to impose timbers (for roof or floor)
  • on a part H2513 (חֶלְקָה) — properly, smoothness; figuratively, flattery; also an allotment
  • of the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • unto Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • of the kindred H4940 (מִשְׁפָּחָה) — a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people
  • of Elimelech H458 (אֱלִימֶלֶךְ) — Elimelek, an Israelite

4 And, behold, Boaz came from Beth-lehem, and said unto the reapers, Jehovah be with you. And they answered him, Jehovah bless thee.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And, behold, Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • from Beth–lehem H1035 (בֵּית לֶחֶם) — Beth-Lechem, a place in Palestine
  • and said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • with you. And they answered H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • him, Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • bless H1288 (בָּרַךְ) — to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)

5 Then said Boaz unto his servant that was set over the reapers, Whose damsel is this?

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Ruth 4:21 · 1 Chronicles 2:11
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Then said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • unto his servant H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • that was set H5324 (נָצַב) — to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
  • over the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • Whose damsel H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)

6 And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It is the Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the country of Moab:

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And the servant H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • that was set H5324 (נָצַב) — to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
  • over the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • answered H6030 (עָנָה) — properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, a…
  • and said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • the Moabitish H4125 (מוֹאָבִי) — a Moabite or Moabitess, i.e. a descendant from Moab
  • damsel H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)
  • that came back H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • with Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
  • out of the country H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • of Moab H4124 (מוֹאָב) — Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants

7 and she said, Let me glean, I pray you, and gather after the reapers among the sheaves. So she came, and hath continued even from the morning until now, save that she tarried a little in the house.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • I pray you, let me glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • and gather H622 (אָסַף) — to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
  • after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • among the sheaves H6016 (עֹמֶר) — properly, a heap, i.e. a sheaf; also an omer, as a dry measure
  • so she came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • and hath continued H5975 (עָמַד) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
  • even H227 (אָז) — at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore
  • from the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
  • until now, that she tarried H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • a little H4592 (מְעַט) — a little or few (often adverbial or comparative)
  • in the house H1004 (בַּיִת) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

8 Then said Boaz unto Ruth, Hearest thou not, my daughter? Go not to glean in another field, neither pass from hence, but abide here fast by my maidens.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Then said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • unto Ruth H7327 (רוּת) — Ruth, a Moabitess
  • Hearest H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
  • thou not, my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
  • Go H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • not to glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • in another H312 (אַחֵר) — properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc.
  • field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • neither go H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • from hence, but abide H1692 (דָּבַק) — properly, to impinge, i.e. cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit
  • here fast by my maidens H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)

9 Let thine eyes be on the field that they do reap, and go thou after them: have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch thee? and when thou art athirst, go unto the vessels, and drink of that which the young men have drawn.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • thine eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • on the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • that they do reap H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • and go H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
  • thou after H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • them: have I not charged H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
  • the young men H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • that they shall not touch H5060 (נָגַע) — properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive, acquire);…
  • thee? and when thou art athirst H6770 (צָמֵא) — to thirst (literally or figuratively)
  • go H1980 (הָלַךְ) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
  • unto the vessels H3627 (כְּלִי) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
  • and drink H8354 (שָׁתָה) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
  • which the young men H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • have drawn H7579 (שָׁאַב) — to bale up water

10 Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found favor in thy sight, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I am a foreigner?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Then she fell H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
  • on her face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • and bowed H7812 (שָׁחָה) — to depress, i.e. prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God)
  • herself to the ground H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • and said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto him, Why have I found H4672 (מָצָא) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
  • grace H2580 (חֵן) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)
  • in thine eyes H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • that thou shouldest take knowledge H5234 (נָכַר) — properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspic…
  • a stranger H5237 (נׇכְרִי) — strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful)

11 And Boaz answered and said unto her, It hath fully been showed me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother-in-law since the death of thy husband; and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people that thou knewest not heretofore.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • answered H6030 (עָנָה) — properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, a…
  • and said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto her, It hath fully H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
  • been shewed H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
  • me, all that thou hast done H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • unto thy mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
  • since H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • the death H4194 (מָוֶת) — death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
  • of thine husband H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • thou hast left H5800 (עָזַב) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
  • thy father H1 (אָב) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • and thy mother H517 (אֵם) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
  • and the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • of thy nativity H4138 (מוֹלֶדֶת) — nativity (plural birth-place); by implication, lineage, native country; also offspring, family
  • and art come H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • unto a people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • which thou knewest H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
  • not heretofore H8032 (שִׁלְשׁוֹם) — trebly, i.e. (in time) day before yesterday
  • not heretofore H8543 (תְּמוֹל) — properly, ago, i.e. a (short or long) time since; especially yesterday, or day before yesterday

12 Jehovah recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of Jehovah, the God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to take refuge.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • recompense H7999 (שָׁלַם) — to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate (in variou…
  • thy work H6467 (פֹּעַל) — an act or work (concretely)
  • and a full H8003 (שָׁלֵם) — complete (literally or figuratively); especially friendly
  • reward H4909 (מַשְׂכֹּרֶת) — wages or a reward
  • be given thee of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
  • under whose wings H3671 (כָּנָף) — an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
  • thou art come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • to trust H2620 (חָסָה) — to flee for protection; figuratively, to confide in

13 Then she said, Let me find favor in thy sight, my lord, for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken kindly unto thy handmaid, though I be not as one of thy handmaidens.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Then she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • Let me find H4672 (מָצָא) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
  • favour H2580 (חֵן) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)
  • in thy sight H5869 (עַיִן) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • my lord H113 (אָדוֹן) — sovereign, i.e. controller (human or divine)
  • for that thou hast comforted H5162 (נָחַם) — properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavorably) to av…
  • me, and for that thou hast spoken H1696 (דָבַר) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
  • friendly H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
  • unto thine handmaid H8198 (שִׁפְחָה) — a female slave (as a member of the household)
  • though I be not like unto one H259 (אֶחָד) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
  • of thine handmaidens H8198 (שִׁפְחָה) — a female slave (as a member of the household)

14 And at meal-time Boaz said unto her, Come hither, and eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar. And she sat beside the reapers, and they reached her parched grain, and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left thereof.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto her, At mealtime H400 (אֹכֶל) — food
  • unto her, At mealtime H6256 (עֵת) — time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc.
  • come H5066 (נָגַשׁ) — to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causatively, to p…
  • thou hither H1988 (הֲלֹם) — hither
  • and eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • of the bread H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
  • and dip H2881 (טָבַל) — to dip, to immerse
  • thy morsel H6595 (פַּת) — a bit
  • in the vinegar H2558 (חֹמֶץ) — vinegar
  • And she sat H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • beside H6654 (צַד) — a side; figuratively, an adversary
  • the reapers H7114 (קָצַר) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
  • and he reached H6642 (צָבַט) — to grasp, i.e. hand out
  • her parched H7039 (קָלִי) — roasted ears of grain
  • and she did eat H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • and was sufficed H7646 (שָׂבַע) — to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
  • and left H3498 (יָתַר) — to jut over or exceed; by implication, to excel; (intransitively) to remain or be left; causatively to leave, cause to abound, preserve

15 And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, Let her glean even among the sheaves, and reproach her not.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Leviticus 19:9
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And when she was risen up H6965 (קוּם) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • to glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • commanded H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
  • his young men H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • saying H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • Let her glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • even among the sheaves H6016 (עֹמֶר) — properly, a heap, i.e. a sheaf; also an omer, as a dry measure
  • and reproach H3637 (כָּלַם) — properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult

16 And also pull out some for her from the bundles, and leave it, and let her glean, and rebuke her not.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And let fall H7997 (שָׁלַל) — to drop or strip; by implication, to plunder
  • of the handfuls H6653 (צֶבֶת) — a lock of stalks
  • of purpose H7997 (שָׁלַל) — to drop or strip; by implication, to plunder
  • for her, and leave H5800 (עָזַב) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
  • that she may glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • and rebuke H1605 (גָּעַר) — to chide

17 So she gleaned in the field until even; and she beat out that which she had gleaned, and it was about an ephah of barley.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Exodus 16:36 · Proverbs 31:27
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So she gleaned H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • in the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • until even H6153 (עֶרֶב) — dusk
  • and beat out H2251 (חָבַט) — to knock out or off
  • that she had gleaned H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • and it was about an ephah H374 (אֵיפָה) — an ephah or measure for grain; hence, a measure in general
  • of barley H8184 (שְׂעֹרָה) — barley (as villose)

18 And she took it up, and went into the city; and her mother-in-law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth and gave to her that which she had left after she was sufficed.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Ruth 2:14 · 1 Timothy 5:4
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • up H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
  • and went H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
  • into the city H5892 (עִיר) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
  • and her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
  • saw H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
  • what she had gleaned H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • and she brought forth H3318 (יָצָא) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.
  • and gave H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
  • to her that she had reserved H3498 (יָתַר) — to jut over or exceed; by implication, to excel; (intransitively) to remain or be left; causatively to leave, cause to abound, preserve
  • after she was sufficed H7648 (שֹׂבַע) — satisfaction (of food or [figuratively] joy)

19 And her mother-in-law said unto her, Where hast thou gleaned to-day? and where hast thou wrought? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee. And she showed her mother-in-law with whom she had wrought, and said, The man’s name with whom I wrought to-day is Boaz.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto her, Where hast thou gleaned H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • to day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
  • and where H375 (אֵיפֹה) — what place?; also (of time) when?; or (of means) how?
  • wroughtest H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • thou? blessed H1288 (בָּרַךְ) — to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)
  • be he that did take knowledge H5234 (נָכַר) — properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspic…
  • of thee. And she shewed H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
  • her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
  • with whom she had wrought H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • and said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • The man’s H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
  • with whom I wrought H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple

20 And Naomi said unto her daughter-in-law, Blessed be he of Jehovah, who hath not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead. And Naomi said unto her, The man is nigh of kin unto us, one of our near kinsmen.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto her daughter in law H3618 (כַּלָּה) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
  • Blessed H1288 (בָּרַךְ) — to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)
  • he of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • who hath not left off H5800 (עָזַב) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
  • his kindness H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
  • to the living H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
  • and to the dead H4191 (מוּת) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
  • unto her, The man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • near of kin H7138 (קָרוֹב) — near (in place, kindred or time)
  • unto us, one of our next kinsmen H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)

21 And Ruth the Moabitess said, Yea, he said unto me, Thou shalt keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Ruth 2:7 · Ruth 2:22
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Ruth H7327 (רוּת) — Ruth, a Moabitess
  • the Moabitess H4125 (מוֹאָבִי) — a Moabite or Moabitess, i.e. a descendant from Moab
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • He said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto me also, Thou shalt keep fast H1692 (דָּבַק) — properly, to impinge, i.e. cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit
  • by my young men H5288 (נַעַר) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age…
  • until they have ended H3615 (כָּלָה) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
  • all my harvest H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)

22 And Naomi said unto Ruth her daughter-in-law, It is good, my daughter, that thou go out with his maidens, and that they meet thee not in any other field.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Ruth 2:21 · Proverbs 27:10
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto Ruth H7327 (רוּת) — Ruth, a Moabitess
  • her daughter in law H3618 (כַּלָּה) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
  • good H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
  • my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
  • that thou go out H3318 (יָצָא) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.
  • with his maidens H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)
  • that they meet H6293 (פָּגַע) — to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity
  • thee not in any other H312 (אַחֵר) — properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc.
  • field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)

23 So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz, to glean unto the end of barley harvest and of wheat harvest; and she dwelt with her mother-in-law.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So she kept fast H1692 (דָּבַק) — properly, to impinge, i.e. cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit
  • by the maidens H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)
  • of Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
  • to glean H3950 (לָקַט) — properly, to pick up, i.e. (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
  • unto the end H3615 (כָּלָה) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
  • of barley H8184 (שְׂעֹרָה) — barley (as villose)
  • harvest H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
  • and of wheat H2406 (חִטָּה) — wheat, whether the grain or the plant
  • and dwelt H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • with her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law