1 And Naomi her mother-in-law said unto her, My daughter, shall I not seek rest for thee, that it may be well with thee?Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Then Naomi H5281 (נׇעֳמִי) — Noömi, an Israelitess
- her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
- said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- unto her, My daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- shall I not seek H1245 (בָּקַשׁ) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
- rest H4494 (מָנוֹחַ) — quiet, i.e. (concretely) a settled spot, or (figuratively) a home
- for thee, that it may be well H3190 (יָטַב) — to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
2 And now is not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing-floor.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- not Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
- of our kindred H4130 (מוֹדַעַת) — acquaintance
- with whose maidens H5291 (נַעֲרָה) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)
- thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth H2219 (זָרָה) — to toss about; by implication, to diffuse, winnow
- barley H8184 (שְׂעֹרָה) — barley (as villose)
- to night H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
- in the threshingfloor H1637 (גֹּרֶן) — a threshing-floor (as made even); by analogy, any open area
3 Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the threshing-floor, but make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Wash H7364 (רָחַץ) — to lave (the whole or a part of a thing)
- thyself therefore, and anoint H5480 (סוּךְ) — properly, to smear over (with oil), i.e. anoint
- thee, and put H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
- thy raiment H8071 (שִׂמְלָה) — a dress, especially a mantle
- upon thee, and get thee down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
- to the floor H1637 (גֹּרֶן) — a threshing-floor (as made even); by analogy, any open area
- make not thyself known H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- unto the man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- until he shall have done H3615 (כָּלָה) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
- eating H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- and drinking H8354 (שָׁתָה) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
4 And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And it shall be, when he lieth down H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- that thou shalt mark H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- the place H4725 (מָקוֹם) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
- where he shall lie H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- and thou shalt go in H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- and uncover H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- his feet H4772 (מַרְגְלָה) — (plural for collective) a footpiece, i.e. (adverbially) at the foot, or (direct.) the foot itself
- and lay thee down H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- and he will tell H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
- thee what thou shalt do H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
5 And she said unto her, All that thou sayest I will do.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- unto her, All that thou sayest H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- unto me I will do H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
6 And she went down unto the threshing-floor, and did according to all that her mother-in-law bade her.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And she went down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
- unto the floor H1637 (גֹּרֶן) — a threshing-floor (as made even); by analogy, any open area
- and did H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- according to all that her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
- bade H6680 (צָוָה) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
7 And when Boaz had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of grain: and she came softly, and uncovered his feet, and laid her down.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And when Boaz H1162 (בֹּעַז) — Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
- had eaten H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
- and drunk H8354 (שָׁתָה) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
- and his heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- was merry H3190 (יָטַב) — to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
- he went H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- to lie down H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- at the end H7097 (קָצֶה) — an extremity
- of the heap of grain H6194 (עָרֵם) — a heap; specifically, a sheaf
- and she came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- softly H3909 (לָט) — properly, covered, i.e. secret; by implication, incantation; also secrecy or (adverb) covertly
- and uncovered H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- his feet H4772 (מַרְגְלָה) — (plural for collective) a footpiece, i.e. (adverbially) at the foot, or (direct.) the foot itself
- and laid her down H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
8 And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was afraid, and turned himself; and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And it came to pass at midnight H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
- And it came to pass at midnight H2677 (חֵצִי) — the half or middle
- that the man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- was afraid H2729 (חָרַד) — to shudder with terror; hence, to fear; also to hasten (with anxiety)
- and turned H3943 (לָפַת) — properly, to bend, i.e. (by implication) to clasp; also (reflexively) to turn around or aside
- himself: and, behold, a woman H802 (אִשָּׁה) — a woman
- lay H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- at his feet H4772 (מַרְגְלָה) — (plural for collective) a footpiece, i.e. (adverbially) at the foot, or (direct.) the foot itself
9 And he said, Who art thou? And she answered, I am Ruth thy handmaid: spread therefore thy skirt over thy handmaid; for thou art a near kinsman.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And he said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- thou? And she answered H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- Ruth H7327 (רוּת) — Ruth, a Moabitess
- thine handmaid H519 (אָמָה) — a maid-servant or female slave
- spread H6566 (פָּרַשׂ) — to break apart, disperse, etc.
- therefore thy skirt H3671 (כָּנָף) — an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
- over thine handmaid H519 (אָמָה) — a maid-servant or female slave
- a near kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
10 And he said, Blessed be thou of Jehovah, my daughter: thou hast showed more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning, inasmuch as thou followedst not young men, whether poor or rich.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And he said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- Blessed H1288 (בָּרַךְ) — to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)
- thou of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- thou hast shewed H3190 (יָטַב) — to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
- more kindness H2617 (חֶסֶד) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
- in the latter end H314 (אַחֲרוֹן) — hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western
- than at the beginning H7223 (רִאשׁוֹן) — first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
- inasmuch as thou followedst H310 (אַחַר) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
- inasmuch as thou followedst H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
- not H1115 (בִּלְתִּי) — properly, a failure of, i.e. (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until,…
- young men H970 (בָּחוּר) — properly, selected, i.e. a youth (often collective)
- whether poor H1800 (דַּל) — properly, dangling, i.e. (by implication) weak or thin
- or rich H6223 (עָשִׁיר) — rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)
11 And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou sayest; for all the city of my people doth know that thou art a worthy woman.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And now, my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- fear H3372 (יָרֵא) — to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
- not; I will do H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
- to thee all that thou requirest H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- for all the city H8179 (שַׁעַר) — an opening, i.e. door or gate
- of my people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- doth know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- a virtuous H2428 (חַיִל) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
- woman H802 (אִשָּׁה) — a woman
12 And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And now it is true H551 (אׇמְנָם) — verily
- near kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- howbeit there is H3426 (יֵשׁ) — there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
- a kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- nearer H7138 (קָרוֹב) — near (in place, kindred or time)
13 Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman’s part: but if he will not do the part of a kinsman to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as Jehovah liveth: lie down until the morning.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Tarry H3885 (לוּן) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)
- this night H3915 (לַיִל) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
- and it shall be in the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
- if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- well H2896 (טוֹב) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good t…
- let him do the kinsman’s part H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- but if he will H2654 (חָפֵץ) — properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
- not do the part of a kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- liveth H2416 (חַי) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing),…
- lie down H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- until the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
14 And she lay at his feet until the morning: and she rose up before one could discern another. For he said, Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing-floor.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And she lay H7901 (שָׁכַב) — to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
- at his feet H4772 (מַרְגְלָה) — (plural for collective) a footpiece, i.e. (adverbially) at the foot, or (direct.) the foot itself
- until the morning H1242 (בֹּקֶר) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
- and she rose up H6965 (קוּם) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
- before H2958 (טְרוֹם) — not yet
- one H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- could know H5234 (נָכַר) — properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspic…
- another H7453 (רֵעַ) — an associate (more or less close)
- And he said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- Let it not be known H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- that a woman H802 (אִשָּׁה) — a woman
- came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- into the floor H1637 (גֹּרֶן) — a threshing-floor (as made even); by analogy, any open area
15 And he said, Bring the mantle that is upon thee, and hold it; and she held it; and he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her: and he went into the city.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Also he said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- Bring H3051 (יָהַב) — to give (whether literal or figurative); generally, to put; imperatively (reflexive) come
- the vail H4304 (מִטְפַּחַת) — a wide cloak (for a woman)
- upon thee, and hold H270 (אָחַז) — to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
- it. And when she held H270 (אָחַז) — to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
- it, he measured H4058 (מָדַד) — properly, to stretch; by implication, to measure (as if by stretching a line); figuratively, to be extended
- six H8337 (שֵׁשׁ) — six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal sixth
- of barley H8184 (שְׂעֹרָה) — barley (as villose)
- and laid H7896 (שִׁית) — to place (in a very wide application)
- on her: and she went H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- into the city H5892 (עִיר) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
16 And when she came to her mother-in-law, she said, Who art thou, my daughter? And she told her all that the man had done to her.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And when she came H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- to her mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
- she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- thou, my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- And she told H5046 (נָגַד) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one present…
- her all that the man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- had done H6213 (עָשָׂה) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
17 And she said, These six measures of barley gave he me; for he said, Go not empty unto thy mother-in-law.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And she said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- These six H8337 (שֵׁשׁ) — six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal sixth
- of barley H8184 (שְׂעֹרָה) — barley (as villose)
- gave H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
- he me; for he said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- to me, Go H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- not empty H7387 (רֵיקָם) — emptily; figuratively (objective) ineffectually, (subjective) undeservedly
- unto thy mother in law H2545 (חֲמוֹת) — a mother-in-law
18 Then said she, Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall; for the man will not rest, until he have finished the thing this day.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Then said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- she, Sit still H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- my daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- until thou know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- how the matter H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
- will fall H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
- for the man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- will not be in rest H8252 (שָׁקַט) — to repose (usually figurative)
- until H518 (אִם) — used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
- he have finished H3615 (כָּלָה) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
- the thing H1697 (דָּבָר) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
- this day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…