Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Isaiah

Isaiah 18

1 Ah, the land of the rustling of wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Woe H1945 (הוֹי) — oh!
  • to the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • shadowing H6767 (צְלָצַל) — a clatter, i.e. (abstractly) whirring (of wings); (concretely) a cricket; also a harpoon (as rattling),a cymbal (as clanging)
  • with wings H3671 (כָּנָף) — an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
  • beyond H5676 (עֵבֶר) — properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)
  • the rivers H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
  • of Ethiopia H3568 (כּוּשׁ) — Cush (or Ethiopia), the name of a son of Ham, and of his territory; also of an Israelite

2 that sendeth ambassadors by the sea, even in vessels of papyrus upon the waters, saying, Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, to a people terrible from their beginning onward, a nation that meteth out and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide!

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • That sendeth H7971 (שָׁלַח) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • ambassadors H6735 (צִיר) — a hinge (as pressed in turning); also a throe (as a phys. or mental pressure); also a herald or errand-doer (as constrained by the principal)
  • by the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
  • even in vessels H3627 (כְּלִי) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
  • of bulrushes H1573 (גֹּמֶא) — properly, an absorbent, i.e. the bulrush (from its porosity); specifically the papyrus
  • upon H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • the waters H4325 (מַיִם) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
  • Go H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • ye swift H7031 (קַל) — light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial)
  • messengers H4397 (מַלְאָךְ) — a messenger; specifically, of God, i.e. an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
  • to a nation H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
  • scattered H4900 (מָשַׁךְ) — to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)
  • and peeled H4178 (מוֹרָט) — obstinate, i.e. independent
  • to a people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • terrible H3372 (יָרֵא) — to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
  • from their beginning hitherto H1973 (הָלְאָה) — to the distance, i.e. far away; also (of time) thus far
  • a nation H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
  • meted out H6978 (קַו־קַו) — stalwart
  • and trodden down H4001 (מְבוּסָה) — a trampling
  • whose land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • the rivers H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
  • have spoiled H958 (בָּזָא) — probably to cleave

3 All ye inhabitants of the world, and ye dwellers on the earth, when an ensign is lifted up on the mountains, see ye; and when the trumpet is blown, hear ye.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • All ye inhabitants H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • of the world H8398 (תֵּבֵל) — the earth (as moist and therefore inhabited); by extension, the globe; by implication, its inhabitants; specifically, a particular land, as Babylonia, Palestine
  • and dwellers H7931 (שָׁכַן) — to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
  • on the earth H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • see H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
  • ye, when he lifteth up H5375 (נָשָׂא) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
  • an ensign H5251 (נֵס) — a flag; also a sail; by implication, a flagstaff; generally a signal; figuratively, a token
  • on the mountains H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • and when he bloweth H8628 (תָּקַע) — to clatter, i.e. slap (the hands together), clang (an instrument); by analogy, to drive (a nail or tent-pin, a dart, etc.); by implication, to become bondsman b…
  • a trumpet H7782 (שׁוֹפָר) — a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn
  • hear H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

4 For thus hath Jehovah said unto me, I will be still, and I will behold in my dwelling-place, like clear heat in sunshine, like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For so H3541 (כֹּה) — properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
  • Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
  • unto me, I will take my rest H8252 (שָׁקַט) — to repose (usually figurative)
  • and I will consider H5027 (נָבַט) — to scan, i.e. look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
  • in my dwelling place H4349 (מָכוֹן) — properly, a fixture, i.e. a basis; generally a place, especially as an abode
  • like a clear H6703 (צַח) — dazzling, i.e. sunny, bright, (figuratively) evident
  • heat H2527 (חֹם) — heat
  • upon herbs H216 (אוֹר) — illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
  • like a cloud H5645 (עָב) — properly, an envelope, i.e. darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
  • of dew H2919 (טַל) — dew (as covering vegetation)
  • in the heat H2527 (חֹם) — heat
  • of harvest H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)

5 For before the harvest, when the blossom is over, and the flower becometh a ripening grape, he will cut off the sprigs with pruning-hooks, and the spreading branches will he take away and cut down.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Isaiah 10:33 · Isaiah 17:10
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For afore H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • the harvest H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
  • when the bud H6525 (פֶּרַח) — a calyx (natural or artificial); generally, bloom
  • is perfect H8552 (תָּמַם) — to complete, in a good or a bad sense, literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive
  • and the sour grape H1155 (בֹּסֶר)
  • is ripening H1580 (גָּמַל) — to treat a person (well or ill), i.e. benefit or requite; by implication (of toil), to ripen, i.e. (specifically) to wean
  • in the flower H5328 (נִצָּה) — a blossom
  • he shall both cut off H3772 (כָּרַת) — to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e. make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh a…
  • the sprigs H2150 (זַלְזַל) — tremulous, i.e. a twig
  • with pruning hooks H4211 (מַזְמֵרָה) — a pruning-knife
  • and take away H5493 (סוּר) — to turn off (literally or figuratively)
  • cut down H8456 (תָּזַז) — to lop off
  • the branches H5189 (נְטִישָׁה) — a tendril (as an offshoot)

6 They shall be left together unto the ravenous birds of the mountains, and to the beasts of the earth; and the ravenous birds shall summer upon them, and all the beasts of the earth shall winter upon them.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • They shall be left H5800 (עָזַב) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
  • together H3162 (יַחַד) — properly, a unit, i.e. (adverb) unitedly
  • unto the fowls H5861 (עַיִט) — a hawk or other bird of prey
  • of the mountains H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • and to the beasts H929 (בְּהֵמָה) — properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)
  • of the earth H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • and the fowls H5861 (עַיִט) — a hawk or other bird of prey
  • shall summer H6972 (קוּץ) — to spend the harvest season
  • upon them, and all the beasts H929 (בְּהֵמָה) — properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)
  • shall winter H2778 (חָרַף) — to pull off, i.e. (by implication) to expose (as by stripping); specifically, to betroth (as if a surrender); figuratively, to carp at, i.e. defame; to spend th…

7 In that time shall a present be brought unto Jehovah of hosts from a people tall and smooth, even from a people terrible from their beginning onward, a nation that meteth out and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of Jehovah of hosts, the mount Zion.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • In that time H6256 (עֵת) — time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc.
  • shall the present H7862 (שַׁי) — a gift (as available)
  • be brought H2986 (יָבַל) — properly, to flow; causatively, to bring (especially with pomp)
  • unto Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
  • of a people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • scattered H4900 (מָשַׁךְ) — to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)
  • and peeled H4178 (מוֹרָט) — obstinate, i.e. independent
  • and from a people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
  • terrible H3372 (יָרֵא) — to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
  • from their beginning hitherto H1973 (הָלְאָה) — to the distance, i.e. far away; also (of time) thus far
  • a nation H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
  • meted out H6978 (קַו־קַו) — stalwart
  • and trodden under foot H4001 (מְבוּסָה) — a trampling
  • whose land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
  • the rivers H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
  • have spoiled H958 (בָּזָא) — probably to cleave
  • to the place H4725 (מָקוֹם) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
  • of the name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
  • of Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • the mount H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • Zion H6726 (צִיּוֹן) — Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem