1 Come down, and sit in the dust, O virgin daughter of Babylon; sit on the ground without a throne, O daughter of the Chaldeans: for thou shalt no more be called tender and delicate.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Come down H3381 (יָרַד) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively,…
- and sit H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- in the dust H6083 (עָפָר) — dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud
- O virgin H1330 (בְּתוּלָה) — a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state
- daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- of Babylon H894 (בָּבֶל) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
- sit H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- on the ground H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
- no throne H3678 (כִּסֵּא) — properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)
- O daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- of the Chaldeans H3778 (כַּשְׂדִּי) — a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people
- for thou shalt no more H3254 (יָסַף) — to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
- be called H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
- tender H7390 (רַךְ) — tender (literally or figuratively); by implication, weak
- and delicate H6028 (עָנֹג) — luxurious
2 Take the millstones, and grind meal; remove thy veil, strip off the train, uncover the leg, pass through the rivers.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Take H3947 (לָקַח) — to take (in the widest variety of applications)
- the millstones H7347 (רֵחֶה) — a mill-stone
- and grind H2912 (טָחַן) — to grind meal; hence, to be a concubine (that being their employment)
- meal H7058 (קֶמַח) — flour
- uncover H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- thy locks H6777 (צַמָּה) — a veil
- make bare H2834 (חָשַׂף) — to strip off, i.e. generally to make naked (for exertion or in disgrace), to drain away or bail up (a liquid)
- the leg H7640 (שֹׁבֶל) — a lady's train (as trailing after her)
- the thigh H7785 (שׁוֹק) — the (lower) leg (as a runner)
- pass over H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
- the rivers H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
3 Thy nakedness shall be uncovered, yea, thy shame shall be seen: I will take vengeance, and will spare no man.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Thy nakedness H6172 (עֶרְוָה) — nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
- shall be uncovered H1540 (גָּלָה) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
- yea, thy shame H2781 (חֶרְפָּה) — contumely, disgrace, the pudenda
- shall be seen H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
- I will take H3947 (לָקַח) — to take (in the widest variety of applications)
- vengeance H5359 (נָקָם) — revenge
- and I will not meet H6293 (פָּגַע) — to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity
- a man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
4 Our Redeemer, Jehovah of hosts is his name, the Holy One of Israel.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- our redeemer H1350 (גָּאַל) — to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.)
- Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
- of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
- his name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
- the Holy One H6918 (קָדוֹשׁ) — sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
- of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
5 Sit thou silent, and get thee into darkness, O daughter of the Chaldeans; for thou shalt no more be called The mistress of kingdoms.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Sit H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- thou silent H1748 (דּוּמָם) — still; adverbially, silently
- and get H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- thee into darkness H2822 (חֹשֶׁךְ) — the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
- O daughter H1323 (בַּת) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
- of the Chaldeans H3778 (כַּשְׂדִּי) — a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people
- for thou shalt no more H3254 (יָסַף) — to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
- be called H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
- The lady H1404 (גְּבֶרֶת) — mistress
- of kingdoms H4467 (מַמְלָכָה) — dominion, i.e. (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)
6 I was wroth with my people, I profaned mine inheritance, and gave them into thy hand: thou didst show them no mercy; upon the aged hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- I was wroth H7107 (קָצַף) — to crack off, i.e. (figuratively) burst out in rage
- with my people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
- I have polluted H2490 (חָלַל) — properly, to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin (as if by a…
- mine inheritance H5159 (נַחֲלָה) — properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion
- and given H5414 (נָתַן) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
- them into thine hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
- thou didst shew H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
- them no mercy H7356 (רַחַם) — compassion (in the plural); by extension, the womb (as cherishing the fetus); by implication, a maiden
- upon the ancient H2205 (זָקֵן) — old
- hast thou very H3966 (מְאֹד) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlativ…
- heavily H3513 (כָּבַד) — to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses…
- laid thy yoke H5923 (עֹל) — a yoke (as imposed on the neck), literally or figuratively
7 And thou saidst, I shall be mistress for ever; so that thou didst not lay these things to thy heart, neither didst remember the latter end thereof.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- And thou saidst H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- I shall be a lady H1404 (גְּבֶרֶת) — mistress
- for ever H5769 (עוֹלָם) — properly, concealed, i.e. the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial (especially…
- that thou didst not lay H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
- to thy heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- neither didst remember H2142 (זָכַר) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
- the latter end H319 (אַחֲרִית) — the last or end, hence, the future; also posterity
8 Now therefore hear this, thou that art given to pleasures, that sittest securely, that sayest in thy heart, I am, and there is none else besides me; I shall not sit as a widow, neither shall I know the loss of children:Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore hear H8085 (שָׁמַע) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
- given to pleasures H5719 (עָדִין) — voluptuous
- that dwellest H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- carelessly H983 (בֶּטַח) — properly, a place of refuge; abstract, safety, both the fact (security) and the feeling (trust); often (adverb with or without preposition) safely
- that sayest H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- in thine heart H3824 (לֵבָב) — the heart (as the most interior organ);
- and none else H657 (אֶפֶס) — cessation, i.e. an end (especially of the earth); often used adverb, no further; also the ankle (in the dual), as being the extremity of the leg or foot
- beside me; I shall not sit H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
- a widow H490 (אַלְמָנָה) — a widow; also a desolate place
- neither shall I know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- the loss of children H7908 (שְׁכוֹל) — bereavement
9 but these two things shall come to thee in a moment in one day, the loss of children, and widowhood; in their full measure shall they come upon thee, in the multitude of thy sorceries, and the great abundance of thine enchantments.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- But these two H8147 (שְׁנַיִם) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold
- shall come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- to thee in a moment H7281 (רֶגַע) — a wink (of the eyes), i.e. a very short space of time
- in one H259 (אֶחָד) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
- day H3117 (יוֹם) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated ter…
- the loss of children H7908 (שְׁכוֹל) — bereavement
- and widowhood H489 (אַלְמֹן) — bereavement
- they shall come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- upon thee in their perfection H8537 (תֹּם) — completeness; figuratively, prosperity; usually (morally) innocence
- for the multitude H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
- of thy sorceries H3785 (כֶּשֶׁף) — magic
- for the great H3966 (מְאֹד) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlativ…
- abundance H6109 (עׇצְמָה) — powerfulness; by extension, numerousness
- of thine enchantments H2267 (חֶבֶר) — a society; also a spell
10 For thou hast trusted in thy wickedness; thou hast said, None seeth me; thy wisdom and thy knowledge, it hath perverted thee, and thou hast said in thy heart, I am, and there is none else besides me.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- For thou hast trusted H982 (בָּטַח) — properly, to hie for refuge (but not so precipitately as 2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure
- in thy wickedness H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- thou hast said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- None seeth H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
- me. Thy wisdom H2451 (חׇכְמָה) — wisdom (in a good sense)
- and thy knowledge H1847 (דַּעַת) — knowledge
- it hath perverted H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
- thee; and thou hast said H559 (אָמַר) — to say (used with great latitude)
- in thine heart H3820 (לֵב) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
- and none else H657 (אֶפֶס) — cessation, i.e. an end (especially of the earth); often used adverb, no further; also the ankle (in the dual), as being the extremity of the leg or foot
11 Therefore shall evil come upon thee; thou shalt not know the dawning thereof: and mischief shall fall upon thee; thou shalt not be able to put it away: and desolation shall come upon thee suddenly, which thou knowest not.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Therefore shall evil H7451 (רַע) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
- come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- upon thee; thou shalt not know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- from whence it riseth H7837 (שַׁחַר) — dawn (literal, figurative or adverbial)
- and mischief H1943 (הֹוָה) — ruin
- shall fall H5307 (נָפַל) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
- upon thee; thou shalt not be able H3201 (יָכֹל) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
- to put it off H3722 (כָּפַר) — to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel
- and desolation H7722 (שׁוֹא) — a tempest; by implication, devastation
- shall come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
- upon thee suddenly H6597 (פִּתְאוֹם) — instantly
- thou shalt not know H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
12 Stand now with thine enchantments, and with the multitude of thy sorceries, wherein thou hast labored from thy youth; if so be thou shalt be able to profit, if so be thou mayest prevail.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Stand H5975 (עָמַד) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
- now with thine enchantments H2267 (חֶבֶר) — a society; also a spell
- and with the multitude H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
- of thy sorceries H3785 (כֶּשֶׁף) — magic
- wherein H834 (אֲשֶׁר) — who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
- thou hast laboured H3021 (יָגַע) — properly, to gasp; hence, to be exhausted, to tire, to toil
- from thy youth H5271 (נָעוּר) — (only in plural collective or emphatic form) youth, the state (juvenility) or the persons (young people)
- if so be thou shalt be able H3201 (יָכֹל) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
- to profit H3276 (יָעַל) — properly, to ascend; figuratively, to be valuable (objectively; useful, subjectively; benefited)
- if so be thou mayest prevail H6206 (עָרַץ) — to awe or (intransitive) to dread; hence, to harass
13 Thou art wearied in the multitude of thy counsels: let now the astrologers, the star-gazers, the monthly prognosticators, stand up, and save thee from the things that shall come upon thee.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Thou art wearied H3811 (לָאָה) — to tire; (figuratively) to be (or make) disgusted
- in the multitude H7230 (רֹב) — abundance (in any respect)
- of thy counsels H6098 (עֵצָה) — advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
- Let now the astrologers H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)
- Let now the astrologers H1895 (הָבַר) — to be a horoscopist
- the stargazers H3556 (כּוֹכָב) — a star (as round or as shining); figuratively, a prince
- the stargazers H2374 (חֹזֶה) — a beholder in vision; also a compact (as looked upon with approval)
- the monthly H2320 (חֹדֶשׁ) — the new moon; by implication, a month
- prognosticators H3045 (יָדַע) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation…
- stand up H5975 (עָמַד) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
- and save H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
- that shall come H935 (בּוֹא) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
14 Behold, they shall be as stubble; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame: it shall not be a coal to warm at, nor a fire to sit before.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Behold, they shall be as stubble H7179 (קַשׁ) — straw (as dry)
- the fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
- shall burn H8313 (שָׂרַף) — to be (causatively, set) on fire
- them; they shall not deliver H5337 (נָצַל) — to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
- themselves H5315 (נֶפֶשׁ) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
- from the power H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
- of the flame H3852 (לֶהָבָה)
- a coal H1513 (גֶּחֶל) — an ember
- to warm H2552 (חָמַם) — to be hot (literally or figuratively)
- fire H217 (אוּר) — flame; hence (in the plural) the East (as being the region of light)
- to sit H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
15 Thus shall the things be unto thee wherein thou hast labored: they that have trafficked with thee from thy youth shall wander every one to his quarter; there shall be none to save thee.Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):- Thus shall they be unto thee with whom thou hast laboured H3021 (יָגַע) — properly, to gasp; hence, to be exhausted, to tire, to toil
- thy merchants H5503 (סָחַר) — to travel round (specifically as a pedlar); intensively, to palpitate
- from thy youth H5271 (נָעוּר) — (only in plural collective or emphatic form) youth, the state (juvenility) or the persons (young people)
- they shall wander H8582 (תָּעָה) — to vacillate, i.e. reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both
- every one H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
- to his quarter H5676 (עֵבֶר) — properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)
- none shall save H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor