Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Psalms

Psalms 80

1 For the Chief Musician; set to Shoshannim Eduth. A Psalm of Asaph. Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, Thou that leadest Joseph like a flock; Thou that sittest above the cherubim, shine forth.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • To the chief Musician H5329 (נָצַח) — properly, to glitter from afar, i.e. to be eminent (as a superintendent, especially of the Temple services and its music); to be permanent
  • upon Shoshannim–Eduth H7802 (שׁוּשַׁן עֵדוּת) — Shushan-Eduth or Shoshannim-Eduth, the title of a popular song
  • A Psalm H4210 (מִזְמוֹר) — properly, instrumental music; by implication, a poem set to notes
  • of Asaph H623 (אָסָף) — Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first
  • Give ear H238 (אָזַן) — to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
  • O Shepherd H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
  • of Israel H3478 (יִשְׂרָאֵל) — he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
  • thou that leadest H5090 (נָהַג) — to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by…
  • Joseph H3130 (יוֹסֵף) — Joseph, the name of seven Israelites
  • like a flock H6629 (צֹאן) — a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
  • thou that dwellest H3427 (יָשַׁב) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
  • the cherubims H3742 (כְּרוּב) — a cherub or imaginary figure
  • shine forth H3313 (יָפַע) — to shine

2 Before Ephraim and Benjamin and Manasseh, stir up thy might, And come to save us.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • Ephraim H669 (אֶפְרַיִם) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
  • and Benjamin H1144 (בִּנְיָמִין) — Binjamin, youngest son of Jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
  • and Manasseh H4519 (מְנַשֶּׁה) — Menashsheh, a grandson of Jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
  • stir up H5782 (עוּר) — to wake (literally or figuratively)
  • thy strength H1369 (גְּבוּרָה) — force (literally or figuratively); by implication, valor, victory
  • and come H3212 (יָלַךְ) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
  • save H3444 (יְשׁוּעָה) — something saved, i.e. (abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory, prosperity

3 Turn us again, O God; And cause thy face to shine, and we shall be saved.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Turn us again H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • O God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • and cause thy face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • to shine H215 (אוֹר) — to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
  • and we shall be saved H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor

4 O Jehovah God of hosts, How long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • O Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
  • how long wilt thou be angry H6225 (עָשַׁן) — to smoke, whether literal or figurative
  • against the prayer H8605 (תְּפִלָּה) — intercession, supplication; by implication, a hymn
  • of thy people H5971 (עַם) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

5 Thou hast fed them with the bread of tears, And given them tears to drink in large measure.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Thou feedest H398 (אָכַל) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
  • them with the bread H3899 (לֶחֶם) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
  • of tears H1832 (דִּמְעָה) — weeping
  • and givest them tears H1832 (דִּמְעָה) — weeping
  • to drink H8248 (שָׁקָה) — to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to
  • in great measure H7991 (שָׁלִישׁ) — a triple, i.e. (as a musical instrument) a triangle (or perhaps rather three-stringed lute); also (as an indefinite, great quantity) a three-fold measure (perha…

6 Thou makest us a strife unto our neighbors; And our enemies laugh among themselves.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Thou makest H7760 (שׂוּם) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
  • us a strife H4066 (מָדוֹן) — a contest or quarrel
  • unto our neighbours H7934 (שָׁכֵן) — a resident; by extension, a fellow-citizen
  • and our enemies H341 (אֹיֵב) — hating; an adversary
  • laugh H3932 (לָעַג) — to deride; by implication (as if imitating a foreigner) to speak unintelligibly

7 Turn us again, O God of hosts; And cause thy face to shine, and we shall be saved.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Turn us again H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • O God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
  • and cause thy face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • to shine H215 (אוֹר) — to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
  • and we shall be saved H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor

8 Thou broughtest a vine out of Egypt: Thou didst drive out the nations, and plantedst it.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Thou hast brought H5265 (נָסַע) — properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e. start on a journey
  • a vine H1612 (גֶּפֶן) — a vine (as twining), especially the grape
  • out of Egypt H4714 (מִצְרַיִם) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt
  • thou hast cast out H1644 (גָּרַשׁ) — to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce
  • the heathen H1471 (גּוֹי) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
  • and planted H5193 (נָטַע) — properly, to strike in, i.e. fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)

9 Thou preparedst room before it, And it took deep root, and filled the land.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Thou preparedst H6437 (פָּנָה) — to turn; by implication, to face, i.e. appear, look, etc.
  • before H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • it, and didst cause it to take deep H8328 (שֶׁרֶשׁ) — a root (literally or figuratively)
  • root H8327 (שָׁרַשׁ) — to root, i.e. strike into the soil, or (by implication) to pluck from it
  • and it filled H4390 (מָלֵא) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
  • the land H776 (אֶרֶץ) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

10 The mountains were covered with the shadow of it, And the boughs thereof were like cedars of God.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Joshua 24:12 · Psalms 104:16
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The hills H2022 (הַר) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
  • were covered H3680 (כָּסָה) — properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)
  • with the shadow H6738 (צֵל) — shade, whether literal or figurative
  • of it, and the boughs H6057 (עָנָף) — a twig (as covering the limbs)
  • the goodly H410 (אֵל) — strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
  • cedars H730 (אֶרֶז) — a cedar tree (from the tenacity of its roots)

11 It sent out its branches unto the sea, And its shoots unto the River.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • She sent out H7971 (שָׁלַח) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • her boughs H7105 (קָצִיר) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
  • unto the sea H3220 (יָם) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin…
  • and her branches H3127 (יוֹנֶקֶת) — a sprout
  • unto the river H5104 (נָהָר) — a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity

12 Why hast thou broken down its walls, So that all they that pass by the way do pluck it?

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): 1 Kings 5:1 · Psalms 89:40 · Isaiah 5:5 · Isaiah 18:5 · Luke 20:16
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • broken down H6555 (פָּרַץ) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
  • her hedges H1447 (גָּדֵר) — a circumvallation; by implication, an inclosure
  • so that all they which pass H5674 (עָבַר) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation…
  • by the way H1870 (דֶּרֶךְ) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
  • do pluck H717 (אָרָה) — to pluck

13 The boar out of the wood doth ravage it, And the wild beasts of the field feed on it.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • The boar H2386 (חֲזִיר) — a hog (perhaps as penned)
  • out of the wood H3293 (יַעַר) — a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)
  • doth waste H3765 (כִּרְסֵם) — to lay waste
  • it, and the wild beast H2123 (זִיז) — fulness of the breast; also a moving creature
  • of the field H7704 (שָׂדֶה) — a field (as flat)
  • doth devour H7462 (רָעָה) — to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)

14 Turn again, we beseech thee, O God of hosts: Look down from heaven, and behold, and visit this vine,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Return H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • we beseech thee, O God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
  • look down H5027 (נָבַט) — to scan, i.e. look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
  • from heaven H8064 (שָׁמַיִם) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve)
  • and behold H7200 (רָאָה) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
  • and visit H6485 (פָּקַד) — to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc.
  • this vine H1612 (גֶּפֶן) — a vine (as twining), especially the grape

15 And the stock which thy right hand planted, And the branch that thou madest strong for thyself.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And the vineyard H3661 (כָּנַן) — to set out, i.e. plant
  • And the vineyard H3657 (כַּנָּה) — a plant (as set)
  • which thy right hand H3225 (יָמִין) — the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
  • hath planted H5193 (נָטַע) — properly, to strike in, i.e. fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)
  • and the branch H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • thou madest strong H553 (אָמַץ) — to be alert, physically (on foot) or mentally (in courage)

16 It is burned with fire, it is cut down: They perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • burned H8313 (שָׂרַף) — to be (causatively, set) on fire
  • with fire H784 (אֵשׁ) — fire (literally or figuratively)
  • cut down H3683 (כָּסַח) — to cut off
  • they perish H6 (אָבַד) — properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
  • at the rebuke H1606 (גְּעָרָה) — a chiding
  • of thy countenance H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…

17 Let thy hand be upon the man of thy right hand, Upon the son of man whom thou madest strong for thyself.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Let thy hand H3027 (יָד) — a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of a…
  • be upon the man H376 (אִישׁ) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • of thy right hand H3225 (יָמִין) — the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
  • upon the son H1121 (בֵּן) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,…
  • of man H120 (אָדָם) — ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • thou madest strong H553 (אָמַץ) — to be alert, physically (on foot) or mentally (in courage)

18 So shall we not go back from thee: Quicken thou us, and we will call upon thy name.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • So will not we go back H5472 (סוּג) — properly, to flinch, i.e. (by implication) to go back, literally (to retreat) or figuratively (to apostatize)
  • from thee: quicken H2421 (חָיָה) — to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
  • us, and we will call H7121 (קָרָא) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
  • upon thy name H8034 (שֵׁם) — an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

19 Turn us again, O Jehovah God of hosts; Cause thy face to shine, and we shall be saved.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Turn us again H7725 (שׁוּב) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally…
  • O Yhwh H3068 (יְהֹוָה) — (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • God H430 (אֱלֹהִים) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference…
  • of Armies H6635 (צָבָא) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, h…
  • cause thy face H6440 (פָּנִים) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (befo…
  • to shine H215 (אוֹר) — to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
  • and we shall be saved H3467 (יָשַׁע) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor