Read the Bible — American Standard Version · Romans

Romans 4

1 What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather, hath found according to the flesh?

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • What G5101 (τίς) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
  • shall we say G2046 (ἐρέω) — an alternate for in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say
  • then G3767 (οὖν) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
  • Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • our G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • father G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • as pertaining to G2596 (κατά) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
  • the flesh G4561 (σάρξ) — flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e. (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or as the sy…
  • hath found G2147 (εὑρίσκω) — to find (literally or figuratively)

2 For if Abraham was justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not toward God.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • if G1487 (εἰ) — if, whether, that, etc.
  • Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • were justified G1344 (δικαιόω) — to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent
  • by G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • works G2041 (ἔργον) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
  • he hath G2192 (ἔχω) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
  • to glory G2745 (καύχημα) — a boast (properly, the object; by implication, the act) in a good or a bad sense
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • before G4314 (πρός) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e. pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of, i.e. near…
  • God G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very

3 For what saith the scripture? And Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned unto him for righteousness.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • what G5101 (τίς) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
  • saith G3004 (λέγω) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas and generally refer to an individual express…
  • the scripture G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the scripture G1124 (γραφή) — a document, i.e. holy Writ (or its contents or a statement in it)
  • G1161 (δέ) — but, and, etc.
  • Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • believed G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • God G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
  • and G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • it was counted G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • unto him G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • for G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification

4 Now to him that worketh, the reward is not reckoned as of grace, but as of debt.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Matthew 20:1 · Romans 9:32 · Romans 11:6 · Romans 11:35
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • Now G1161 (δέ) — but, and, etc.
  • to him that worketh G2038 (ἐργάζομαι) — to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc.
  • is G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • the reward G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the reward G3408 (μισθός) — pay for service (literally or figuratively), good or bad
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • reckoned G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • of G2596 (κατά) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
  • grace G5485 (χάρις) — graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and it…
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • debt G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • debt G3783 (ὀφείλημα) — something owed, i.e. (figuratively) a due; morally, a fault

5 But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is reckoned for righteousness.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • But G1161 (δέ) — but, and, etc.
  • to him that worketh G2038 (ἐργάζομαι) — to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc.
  • not G3361 (μή) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas expects an affirmative one)) whether
  • believeth G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • on G1909 (ἐπί) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with…
  • him that justifieth G1344 (δικαιόω) — to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent
  • the ungodly G765 (ἀσεβής) — irreverent, i.e. (by extension) impious or wicked
  • his G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • is counted G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • for G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification

6 Even as David also pronounceth blessing upon the man, unto whom God reckoneth righteousness apart from works,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Even as G2509 (καθάπερ) — exactly as
  • David G1138 (Δαβίδ) — Dabid (i.e. David), the Israelite king
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • describeth G3004 (λέγω) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas and generally refer to an individual express…
  • the blessedness G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the blessedness G3108 (μακαρισμός) — beatification, i.e. attribution of good fortune
  • of the man G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of the man G444 (ἄνθρωπος) — man-faced, i.e. a human being
  • unto whom G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • God G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
  • imputeth G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
  • without G5565 (χωρίς) — at a space, i.e. separately or apart from (often as preposition)
  • works G2041 (ἔργον) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act

7 saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, And whose sins are covered.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Blessed G3107 (μακάριος) — supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off
  • they whose G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • iniquities G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • iniquities G458 (ἀνομία) — illegality, i.e. violation of law or (genitive case) wickedness
  • are forgiven G863 (ἀφίημι) — to send forth, in various applications (as follow)
  • and G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • whose G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • sins G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • sins G266 (ἁμαρτία) — a sin (properly abstract)
  • are covered G1943 (ἐπικαλύπτω) — to conceal, i.e. (figuratively) forgive

8 Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not reckon sin.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Blessed G3107 (μακάριος) — supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off
  • the man G435 (ἀνήρ) — a man (properly as an individual male)
  • to whom G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • the Lord G2962 (κύριος) — supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title)
  • will G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • not G3361 (μή) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas expects an affirmative one)) whether
  • impute G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • sin G266 (ἁμαρτία) — a sin (properly abstract)

9 Is this blessing then pronounced upon the circumcision, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say, To Abraham his faith was reckoned for righteousness.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • this G3778 (οὗτος) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated)
  • blessedness G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • blessedness G3108 (μακαρισμός) — beatification, i.e. attribution of good fortune
  • then G3767 (οὖν) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
  • upon G1909 (ἐπί) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with…
  • the circumcision G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the circumcision G4061 (περιτομή) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
  • or G2228 (ἤ) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than
  • the uncircumcision G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the uncircumcision G203 (ἀκροβυστία) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • for G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • we say G3004 (λέγω) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas and generally refer to an individual express…
  • that G3754 (ὅτι) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • was reckoned G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • to Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • for G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification

10 How then was it reckoned? when he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision:

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • How G4459 (πῶς) — an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!
  • was it G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • then G3767 (οὖν) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
  • reckoned G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • when he was G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • in G1722 (ἐν) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • circumcision G4061 (περιτομή) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
  • or G2228 (ἤ) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than
  • uncircumcision G203 (ἀκροβυστία) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person
  • Not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

11 and he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while he was in uncircumcision: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be in uncircumcision, that righteousness might be reckoned unto them;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • he received G2983 (λαμβάνω) — while is more violent, to seize or remove))
  • the sign G4592 (σημεῖον) — an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally
  • of circumcision G4061 (περιτομή) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
  • a seal G4973 (σφραγίς) — a signet (as fencing in or protecting from misappropriation); by implication, the stamp impressed (as a mark of privacy, or genuineness), literally or figurat…
  • of the righteousness G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of the righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
  • of the faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of the faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • which G1722 (ἐν) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • being G1722 (ἐν) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • uncircumcised G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • uncircumcised G203 (ἀκροβυστία) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person
  • that G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • he G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • might be G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • might be G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • the father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • of all G3956 (πᾶς) — all, any, every, the whole
  • them that believe G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • them that believe G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • though they be G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • not circumcised G203 (ἀκροβυστία) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person
  • righteousness G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
  • might be imputed G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • might be imputed G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • unto them G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

12 and the father of circumcision to them who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham which he had in uncircumcision.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • And G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • the father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • of circumcision G4061 (περιτομή) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
  • to them who are G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • of G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • the circumcision G4061 (περιτομή) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
  • only G3440 (μόνον) — merely
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • who G4748 (στοιχέω) — to march in (military) rank (keep step), i.e. (figuratively) to conform to virtue and piety
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • walk G4748 (στοιχέω) — to march in (military) rank (keep step), i.e. (figuratively) to conform to virtue and piety
  • in the steps G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • in the steps G2487 (ἴχνος) — a track (figuratively)
  • of that faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • of G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • our G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • father G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • which G1722 (ἐν) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • being G1722 (ἐν) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • uncircumcised G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • uncircumcised G203 (ἀκροβυστία) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person

13 For not through the law was the promise to Abraham or to his seed that he should be heir of the world, but through the righteousness of faith.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • For G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • the promise G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the promise G1860 (ἐπαγγελία) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
  • that he G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • should be G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • the heir G2818 (κληρονόμος) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
  • of the world G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of the world G2889 (κόσμος) — orderly arrangement, i.e. decoration; by implication, the world (in a wide or narrow sense, including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • to Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • or G2228 (ἤ) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than
  • to G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • to G4690 (σπέρμα) — something sown, i.e. seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)
  • his G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • seed G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • seed G4690 (σπέρμα) — something sown, i.e. seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)
  • through G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • the law G3551 (νόμος) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a…
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • the righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
  • of faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…

14 For if they that are of the law are heirs, faith is made void, and the promise is made of none effect:

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • For G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • if G1487 (εἰ) — if, whether, that, etc.
  • they which are G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • the law G3551 (νόμος) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a…
  • heirs G2818 (κληρονόμος) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
  • faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • is made void G2758 (κενόω) — to make empty, i.e. (figuratively) to abase, neutralize, falsify
  • and G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • the promise G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the promise G1860 (ἐπαγγελία) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
  • made of none effect G2673 (καταργέω) — to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively

15 for the law worketh wrath; but where there is no law, neither is there transgression.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • Because G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • the law G3551 (νόμος) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a…
  • worketh G2716 (κατεργάζομαι) — to work fully, i.e. accomplish; by implication, to finish, fashion
  • wrath G3709 (ὀργή) — properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punish…
  • for G1063 (γάρ) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
  • where G3757 (οὗ) — at which place, i.e. where
  • no G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • law G3551 (νόμος) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a…
  • is G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • no G3761 (οὐδέ) — not however, i.e. neither, nor, not even
  • transgression G3847 (παράβασις) — violation

16 For this cause it is of faith, that it may be according to grace; to the end that the promise may be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • Therefore G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • G3778 (οὗτος) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated)
  • of G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • that G2443 (ἵνα) — in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
  • by G2596 (κατά) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
  • grace G5485 (χάρις) — graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and it…
  • to the end G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • the promise G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the promise G1860 (ἐπαγγελία) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
  • might be G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • sure G949 (βέβαιος) — stable (literally or figuratively)
  • to all G3956 (πᾶς) — all, any, every, the whole
  • the seed G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the seed G4690 (σπέρμα) — something sown, i.e. seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • to that G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • only G3440 (μόνον) — merely
  • which is of G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • the law G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the law G3551 (νόμος) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a…
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • the faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • of Abraham G11 (Ἀβραάμ) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
  • who G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • is G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • the father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • of us G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • all G3956 (πᾶς) — all, any, every, the whole

17 (as it is written, A father of many nations have I made thee) before him whom he believed, even God, who giveth life to the dead, and calleth the things that are not, as though they were.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3754 (ὅτι) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • As G2531 (καθώς) — just (or inasmuch) as, that
  • it is written G1125 (γράφω) — to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
  • I have made G5087 (τίθημι) — to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive or horizontal posture, and thus different from , which properly denote…
  • thee G4771 (σύ) — thou
  • a father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • of many G4183 (πολύς) — (singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
  • nations G1484 (ἔθνος) — a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
  • before G2713 (κατέναντι) — directly opposite
  • him whom G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • he believed G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
  • who quickeneth G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • who quickeneth G2227 (ζωοποιέω) — to (re-)vitalize (literally or figuratively)
  • the dead G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the dead G3498 (νεκρός) — dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
  • and G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • calleth G2564 (καλέω) — to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
  • those things which be G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • those things which be G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • not G3361 (μή) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas expects an affirmative one)) whether
  • as G5613 (ὡς) — which how, i.e. in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
  • though they were G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)

18 Who in hope believed against hope, to the end that he might become a father of many nations, according to that which had been spoken, So shall thy seed be.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • Who G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • against G3844 (παρά) — properly, near; i.e. (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subjectively)…
  • hope G1680 (ἐλπίς) — expectation (abstractly or concretely) or confidence
  • believed G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • in G1909 (ἐπί) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with…
  • that G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • he G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • might become G1096 (γίνομαι) — to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
  • the father G3962 (πατήρ) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
  • of many G4183 (πολύς) — (singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
  • nations G1484 (ἔθνος) — a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
  • according to G2596 (κατά) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
  • that which was spoken G2046 (ἐρέω) — an alternate for in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say
  • So G3779 (οὕτω) — in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)
  • shall G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • thy G4771 (σύ) — thou
  • seed G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • seed G4690 (σπέρμα) — something sown, i.e. seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)
  • be G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)

19 And without being weakened in faith he considered his own body now as good as dead (he being about a hundred years old), and the deadness of Sarah’s womb;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • And G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • being G770 (ἀσθενέω) — to be feeble (in any sense)
  • not G3361 (μή) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas expects an affirmative one)) whether
  • weak G770 (ἀσθενέω) — to be feeble (in any sense)
  • in faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • in faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • he considered G2657 (κατανοέω) — to observe fully
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • his own G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ) — him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other persons) my-, thy-, our-, your-) self (selves), etc.
  • body G4983 (σῶμα) — the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively
  • now G2235 (ἤδη) — even now
  • dead G3499 (νεκρόω) — to deaden, i.e. (figuratively) to subdue
  • about G4225 (πού) — as adverb of place, somewhere, i.e. nearly
  • an hundred years old G1541 (ἑκατονταέτης) — centenarian
  • neither yet G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • the deadness G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the deadness G3500 (νέκρωσις) — decease; figuratively, impotency
  • of G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of G3388 (μήτρα) — the matrix
  • Sarah’s G4564 (Σάῤῥα) — Sarra (i.e. Sarah), the wife of Abraham
  • womb G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • womb G3388 (μήτρα) — the matrix
  • G5225 (ὑπάρχω) — to begin under (quietly), i.e. come into existence (be present or at hand); expletively, to exist (as copula or subordinate to an adjective, participle, adver…

20 yet, looking unto the promise of God, he wavered not through unbelief, but waxed strong through faith, giving glory to God,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G1161 (δέ) — but, and, etc.
  • He staggered G1252 (διακρίνω) — to separate thoroughly, i.e. (literally and reflexively) to withdraw from, or (by implication) oppose; figuratively, to discriminate (by implication, decide),…
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • at G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • the promise G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • the promise G1860 (ἐπαγγελία) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
  • of God G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • of God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
  • through unbelief G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • through unbelief G570 (ἀπιστία) — faithlessness, i.e. (negatively) disbelief (lack of Christian faith), or (positively) unfaithfulness (disobedience)
  • but G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • was strong G1743 (ἐνδυναμόω) — to empower
  • in faith G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • in faith G4102 (πίστις) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salva…
  • giving G1325 (δίδωμι) — to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
  • glory G1391 (δόξα) — glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
  • to God G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • to God G2316 (θεός) — a deity, especially (with ) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very

21 and being fully assured that what he had promised, he was able also to perform.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • being fully persuaded G4135 (πληροφορέω) — to carry out fully (in evidence), i.e. completely assure (or convince), entirely accomplish
  • that G3754 (ὅτι) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • what G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • he had promised G1861 (ἐπαγγέλλω) — to announce upon (reflexively), i.e. (by implication) to engage to do something, to assert something respecting oneself
  • he was G1510 (εἰμί) — I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • able G1415 (δυνατός) — powerful or capable (literally or figuratively); neuter possible
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • to perform G4160 (ποιέω) — to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

22 Wherefore also it was reckoned unto him for righteousness.

Cross references & Strong's
Cross references (TSK): Romans 4:3 · Romans 4:6
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • And G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • therefore G1352 (διό) — through which thing, i.e. consequently
  • it was imputed G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • to him G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • for G1519 (εἰς) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
  • righteousness G1343 (δικαιοσύνη) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification

23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was reckoned unto him;

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Now G1161 (δέ) — but, and, etc.
  • it was G1125 (γράφω) — to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
  • not G3756 (οὐ) — the absolute negative (compare ) adverb; no or not
  • written G1125 (γράφω) — to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
  • for G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • his G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • sake G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • alone G3440 (μόνον) — merely
  • that G3754 (ὅτι) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • it was imputed G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • to him G846 (αὐτός) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound ) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

24 but for our sake also, unto whom it shall be reckoned, who believe on him that raised Jesus our Lord from the dead,

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • But G235 (ἀλλά) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
  • for G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • us G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • also G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • to whom G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • it shall G3195 (μέλλω) — to intend, i.e. be about to be, do, or suffer something (of persons or things, especially events; in the sense of purpose, duty, necessity, probability, poss…
  • be imputed G3049 (λογίζομαι) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively)
  • if we G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • believe G4100 (πιστεύω) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ)
  • on G1909 (ἐπί) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with…
  • him that raised up G1453 (ἐγείρω) — to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e. rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from obscurity…
  • Jesus G2424 (Ἰησοῦς) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
  • our G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • Lord G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • Lord G2962 (κύριος) — supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title)
  • from G1537 (ἐκ) — literal or figurative; direct or remote)
  • the dead G3498 (νεκρός) — dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)

25 who was delivered up for our trespasses, and was raised for our justification.

Cross references & Strong's
Strong's numbers (from RLT):
  • Who G3739 (ὅς) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • was delivered G3860 (παραδίδωμι) — to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
  • for G1223 (διά) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
  • our G1473 (ἐγώ)
  • offences G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • offences G3900 (παράπτωμα) — a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e. (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression
  • and G2532 (καί) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • was raised again G1453 (ἐγείρω) — to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e. rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from obscurity…
  • justification G3588 (ὁ) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • justification G1347 (δικαίωσις) — aquittal (for Christ's sake)